We mentioned parainfluenza in post #613 when investigating the salmon-COVID-19 Chinese link. Further on, we discover important links to Zika, Ebola, etc.
Firstly, our chrestomathy study (post #543) is co-authored from Wuhan, Ningbo, Tianjin, Weifang, Los Alamos, NM, U. of C. , SanDiego:
Evolutionary History, Potential Intermediate Animal Host, and Cross-Species Analyses of SARS-CoV-2
'....Interestingly, the coronavirus carried by pangolins did not have the RRAR motif (furin cleavage). Therefore, we conclude that the human SARS-CoV-2 virus, which is responsible for the recent outbreak of COVID-19, did not come directly from pangolins.'
Zika Furin-Like Motif
Zika virus fusion occurs in late endosomes and is pH-dependent. These results broaden our understanding of Zika virus intracellular trafficking and may in future allow for development of novel treatment strategies. Further, we identified a novel mode of action for agents commonly used in studies...
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
'....decanoyl-arg-val-lys-arg-chloromethylketone, as a furin inhibitor....led to a significant decrease in virus yield when administered p. I., suggesting that furin or furin-like enzymes play an important role during ZIKV replication, assembly or egress.'
Furin-Like Protease / Fruit Bats / Parainfluenza Virus 5F Protein
Bats of different species play a major role in the emergence and transmission of highly pathogenic viruses including Ebola virus, SARS-like coronavirus and the henipaviruses. These viruses require proteolytic activation of surface envelope glycoproteins needed for entry, and cellular cathepsins...
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Ebola Furin Not Required
Proteolytic processing is required for the activation of numerous viral glycoproteins. Here we show that the envelope glycoprotein from the Zaire strain of Ebola virus (Ebo-GP) is proteolytically processed into two subunits, GP1 and GP2, that are likely covalently associated through a disulfide...
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
The motif for Zika (above) would read RVKR, comparable to the COVID-19 RRAR.
Human Parainfluenza / Furin
httpsw://www.ncbi.nlm.hih.gov/pubmed/7819326
RTKR Motif / Parainfluenza Type 3
The fusion (F) protein of human parainfluenza virus type 3 contains the tribasic cleavage site R-T-K-R, which was altered by site-directed mutagenesis. Wild-type F protein and various mutants were expressed by recombinant vaccinia viruses. The endogenous endoprotease present in CV-1 cells...
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Parainfluenza also occurs in salmon.
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