Cancer Cures

[badger2]

The question of origins arise as to anti-melanoma taxol:

Colletotrichum / Taxol
Systematic Analysis of the Anticancer Agent Taxol-Producing Capacity in Colletotrichum Species and Use of the Species for Taxol Production. - PubMed - NCBI
'....As C. dematium is stored in liquid nitrogen, under mineral oil, or in a deep freezer at KACC, we requested to test samples from each storage condition to compare the effects of storage method on taxol production. Although all of the C. dematium samples could produce taxol, the one stored under mineral oil produced more than 10 times the amount of taxol than those stored under other conditions....To date, at least two Colletotrichum species have been shown to produce taxol; namely, C. gloeosporoides isolated from the leaves of Justicia gendarussa, Plumeria acutifolia and Tectona grandis, and C. capsici isolated from diseased chili pepper fruits.
....
We identified 6 additional TS-bearing (taxadiene synthase), Colletotrichum species with the potential to produce taxol....We are suspicious of the TS gene origin, because the 100% homology among TS genes from the Taxus species and Colletotrichum species indicates that the gene from the Taxus species originated from the taxol-producing endophytic fungi rather than from plants.'

 

[badger2]

We excerpt from Michael Moore's Medicinal Plants of the Desert and Canyon West to compare chemistries involved with the taxol-produicing fungus, Colletotrichum and its potential host plants:

'Acanthaceae. Justicia californica (Benth.) D. Gibson (p. 127), Beloperone, Chupa Rosa.Dry sandy rocky soils, especially washes, < 800m w PR (San Diego River e of Wildcat Canyon), DSonora, Arizona, New Mexico.'
(The Jepson Manual, Higher Plants of California)

We follow the chemistry of Justicia genarussa, mentioned in the thread:

'2-(2-Aminobenzylamino) benzyl alcohol C14 H16 N2 O isolated from Justicia gendarussa (Acanthaceae)
....
Peganidine C14 H16 N2 O2 alkaloid from Peganum harmala.'
(Southon and Buckingham, Dictionary of Alkaloids)

Peganum harmala (Zygophylaceae) African Rue, "Soma". A native, like Tumbleweed, of northern India, Afghanistan and southern Russia, it was first noticed growing in the U.S. in the 1930s near Fallon, Nevada and Deming, New Mexico. I have seen it increasing its presence here, now growing from El Paso north to the Guadelupe Mountains., westward through the southern counties of New Mexico into Arizona. It is most frequently seen along secondary paved and dirt roads in our lower canyons, alluvial flats, and grazinf lands. Because the plant is especially poisonous to sheep, eradication projects have continued over the years with some success. The only problem is that rural highways get regular maintenance and mowing; the capsules are carried for miles caught between the blades of machinery, and sown gleefully (for the plant) and tragically (for the sheep) farther and farther away from the original plants.

Recent Russian studies have verified the effectiveness of many of the folk usages in Russia and India, particularly its treatment for skin conditions. Eczematous and exfoliative dermatitis and psoriasis respond well to an external wash of the herb or root tea and internal use of the tincture or tea in small frequent doses....10-20 drops, 4-5 times a day during acute episodes. (tincture, Method B, 1:5, 60% alcohol).
....
There are clearly defined cardiovascular effects from the plant, especially from the seeds. Moderate doses (40-50 drops) increase the force of the pulse, peak aortal flow, and myocardial contractile force but decrease pulse rate and total blood pressure; this may be part of its mood-elevating effect and also part of the reason many old people in the eastern states of the U.S.S.R. take the tea regularly. Besides, it probably grows outside their homes.

Constituents: Seeds: harmaline, peganine, harmine, vascinone; Root: same, plus harmol; Herb: peganine, vascinone, and 4,5-hydroxytryptamine, peganidine, and deoxypeganine.'
( Moore M, Medicinal Plants of the Desert and Canyon West)

 

[badger2]

We next link Hartwell's entry for Peganum and African uses of Justicia:

'Peganum harmala L. for tumors of the testicles.'
(Hartwell J, Plants Used Against Cancer)

The leaf of Justicia euosmia Lindau is made by the Bugu into an ointment with butter for applications to pimples and pustules. Brennan mentions a similar use including applications to blister. The Bondei use the leaf of Justicia matammensis Oliv. as a vegetable and feed the foliage to small stock. A decoction of the root is a Bondei remedy for inflammation of the testicles. The leaf and root are Shambala remedies for heart diseases. The leaf of J. striata Bullock is used in East Africa by the Shambala as a remedy for pimples and the Haya as a gonorrhoea remedy. The effect is markedly diuretic.'
(Watt JM, Breyer-Brandwijk MG, The Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of Southern and Eastern Africa)

The chemistry and uses above clearly link to the host plant of taxol-producing Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and its host, Justicia gendarussa.

 

[badger2]

Mitochondrial DNA Depletion Syndrome
Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome - Wikipedia

 

[badger2]

MDDS, above, mentions Charlie Gard's RRM2B.

RRM2B
RRM2B - Wikipedia
'....cholangiocarcinoma....'

Cholangiocarcinoma
Cholangiocarcinoma - Wikipedia
'....scleral icterus....'

Thus, we continue the Acanthaceae trajectory already begun in this thread.

'Acanthaceae.

The root of the Tanganyika plant, Acanthus pubescens Engl., is used by the Haya as a remedy for icterus but unfortunately, we have not been able to trace any further detail.'
(The Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of Southern and Eastern Africa)

 

[badger2]

Hirano, et al / Mitochondrial DNA Depletion / Neurogastrointestinal Encephalomyopathy
Administration of deoxyribonucleosides or inhibition of their catabolism as a pharmacological approach for mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome. - PubMed - NCBI

 

[badger2]

Yahoo's Finance Section:

Marine Dog
Marine dog with cancer gets tear-filled farewell

 

[badger2]

The Costs of Drug Pimp Cancer
refugeassociation.org/2017/07/santa-ana-national-wildlife-refuge-ground-zero-for-border-wall-expansion/

 

[badger2]

This Santa Ana update includes a photo of the children's attempt to understand. Apparently, there will be no drones. The URL is correctly transcribed.

 

[badger2]

We will be linking the chemistry of butterfly wings to the chemistry of MDS:

Hirano, et al
Administration of deoxyribonucleosides or inhibition of their catabolism as a pharmacological approach for mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome. - PubMed - NCBI
'....Some forms of MDS are caused by mutations in genes encoding anabolic enzymes: TK2 (encoding thymidine kinase), DGUOK (encoding deoxyguanosine kinase), RRM2B (encoding p53R2, the p53-inducible small subunit of ribonucleotide reductase, RNR).'

The TK2 links to herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase used as a promoter, whilst the RRM2B links to several cancers:

Ap 2017 United Kingdom / RRM2B
Ribonucleotide Reductase Requires Subunit Switching in Hypoxia to Maintain DNA Replication. - PubMed - NCBI
'....The differences observed between purine and pyrimidine pools are not fully understood.....RRM2B is significantly induced (2- 3.5-fold) in colorectal, osteosarcoma, glioblastoma, and esophageal cancer cell lines....As RKO cells showed highest level of RRM2B expression, we chose RKO cells as a model line....A verified hypoxia signature in colorectal adenocarcinoma....the lower level of hypoxia (< 0.1% O2) induces replication stress and this is the signal that initiates the DDR (DNA damage response) including p53 stabilization.
....
We used CRISPR/Cas9 to construct a RRM2B knockout....It is important here to state that the oxygen does not affect the stability of the tyrosyl radical, and it is only required for tyrosyl radical formation.....Our analysis revealed three principle O2 cavity tunnels (T1-T3) in both proteins (RRM2 and RRM2B) which could be employed as access points....RRM2B could act as a better oxygen-sequestering agent than RRM2....Oxygen-entering frequencies are greater for RRM2B ( 68% at monomer 1, 22% at monomer 2) than for RRM2 (14% at monomer 1, 0% at monomer 2), which indicates differential oxygen-turnover susceptibilities....A specific role for RRM2B in hypoxic stress response....results in an open phenylalanine channel specifically in RRM2B which is connected with oxygen tunnel T3.'

 

[badger2]

Ít has been shown that Alba produces an overall reduction in pigment synthesis. Watt has suggested that this mutant devotes less GTP or guanosine to pteridine synthesis; the corresponding amount of guanosine might be used for other functions. The ecological aspects of this polymorphism are beyond the scope of this article. It will be only mentioned that Alba is less resistant to to diseases at higher temperatures, which implies the prescence of a metabolic difference already in the preimaginal stages. Since Alba remains present in natural populations, especially under cool conditions, a still unknown factor must counteract this disadvantage.
....
The Colias croceus strain originates from the south of France; the larvae are raised on potted alfalfa in winter, in a cool greenhouse (5-15 degrees C), under natural (short) photoperiod.''
(Descimon H, Pteridine Biosynthesis and Nitrogen Metabolism in the Butterfly, Colias croceus and its "Älba" Mutant, in Chemistry and Biology of Pteridines Vol. 4)

We have already mentioned isoleucine from the Australian Aboriginal tree, Codonocarpus. From the same volume, we link isoleucine to the thymidine kinase of the Hirano, et al report:

'Cell synchronization was achieved by isoleucine deprivation....Results of the in situ assay may also depend on deoxyuridine transport properties and thymidine kinase activity of cells.'
(Rode W, et al, Thymidylate Synthetase (EC 2.1.1.45) from L1210 Mouse Leukemia Cells -- Cell Cycle Pattern and Affinity Chromotography Purification, in Chemistry and Biology of Pteridines, Vol. 4)

 

[badger2]

Health and Lifestyle includes doing something about ecology. For instance, the Variegated Fritillary, Euptoieta Claudia feeds on may-apple which links temperature to the north-south axis, though E. claudia in California does not feed on may-apple (Podophyllum):

Podophyllum peltatum
https://plants/usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=POPE

E. Claudia is at Trump's Wall.

Border Wall
Trump administration seeks to sidestep border wall environmental study: sources

Santa Ana Checklist
Santa Ana NWR Butterfly Checklist


Doing Something About Ecology

The scenario includes raising pests of Cannabis to learn more about anti-cancer benefits of the oil from the plant.

Which pest is more cancer-aware than the others?

Cannabis Pests
Cannabis pests

 

[badger2]

Podophyllum peltatum
Plants Profile for Podophyllum peltatum (mayapple)

Thus, the children at Santa Ana see different chemistry when they see an E. Claudia than when E. Claudia is seen in California.

Suggested listening: Stan Getz, On the Alamo

 

[badger2]

Euptoieta claudia feeds on Viola, Passiflora, Linum, and Podophyllum. The latter is a proven anti-cancer plant. Therefore, we snub border walls with information anarchy:

Pigments of E. claudia are dependent upon the chemistry of the host plant.

'Viola odorata L. Usos vulgares: Las flores como emoliente y laxantes, tomadas en cocimiento. Contiene una materia colorante que varia al rojo con los acidos y al verde con los alkalis....El doctor Leopoldo Hernandez Chavez informa que he encontrado en esta planta propiedades curativas contra el cancer del estomago y intestinos. Dosis: Para el cocimiento de las flores, 8 gramas en un litro de agua. Farmacopea Mexicana.'
(Martinez M, Plantas Medicinales de Mexico, 1959)

 

[badger2]

Builders of any wall near the Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, akin to fracking, will be deliberately bringing up ancient and/or dormant microorganisms from the depths. Colias studies at Santa Ana will be on the cutting edge of Wolbachia technology against viruses such as Zika. Threatened species at Santa Ana include ocelot and sabal palm.

Colias / Wolbachia
Strong cytoplasmic incompatibility and high vertical transmission rate can explain the high frequencies of Wolbachia infection in Japanese populati... - PubMed - NCBI

'Guano. Xaan o Xan en Maya. Inodes japa Wright (= Sabal japa). Se dice que en Yucatan emplean (? que parte de ella?), por sus propiedades tonicas, nutritivas y vitalizantes; que el cocimiento calma la irritacion del sistema nervioso, estimula la digestion, aumenta el apetito y favorece la asimilacion.'
(Martinez, op cit)

 

[badger2]

Colias eurytheme is occasionally found at Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge. Important climate-change documentation links C. eurytheme (and its mosquito-destroying Wolbachian symbiont) to fossil Sabal palms found at the Allenby Formation, British Columbia.

Colias eurytheme
Colias eurytheme - Wikipedia

 

[badger2]

We now link even more tightly the Charlie Gard case and the butterfly mascot:

Butterfly-Inhabiting Wolbachia / Pteridines / Riboflavin Provisioning
Riboflavin Provisioning Underlies Wolbachia's Fitness Contribution to Its Insect Host. - PubMed - NCBI

As Hirano et al have stated....
Administration of deoxyribonucleosides or inhibition of their catabolism as a pharmacological approach for mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome. - PubMed - NCBI
'....We propose increasing cellular availability of deficient dNTP precursor by direct administration of the dN or inhibition of its catabolism....deoxyguanosine kinase mutation....'

We have linked Wolbachia to B vitamins and the butterfly, Colias. We now link Hirano et al's deoxyguanosine (kinase[italics]) to vitamin B deficiency in order to further the investigative trajectory:

Deoxyguanosine Kinase / Folate-Vitamin B Deficiency
Folate-deficient human lymphoblasts: changes in deoxynucleotide metabolism and thymidylate cycle activities. - PubMed - NCBI

 

[badger2]

Charlie Gard, et al

1996: Consanguineous Parents / Amsterdam
Depletion of mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid in a family with fatal neonatal liver disease. - PubMed - NCBI

Israel: Unrelated Israeli-Druze Families
The deoxyguanosine kinase gene is mutated in individuals with depleted hepatocerebral mitochondrial DNA. - PubMed - NCBI
'....two additional families of Druze and Moroccan origin.'

We begin to assemble pertinent genes.

PEO1
Twinkle helicase (PEO1) gene mutation causes mitochondrial DNA depletion. - PubMed - NCBI

We will be linking Mormon genealogical tendencies in Utah to the MDS SUCLA2 (Faroe Islands founder effect) for methylmalonic aciduria:

May 2017 SUCLA2 / Methylmalonic Aciduria
SUCLA2-Related Mitochondrial DNA Depletion Syndrome, Encephalomyopathic Form with Methylmalonic Aciduria - PubMed - NCBI

Jul 2017 SUCLA2-Down Syndrome
Co-occurring Down syndrome and SUCLA2-related mitochondrial depletion syndrome. - PubMed - NCBI

 

[badger2]

We have established the increased levels of methylmalonic acid in urine and plasma linking Charlie Gard's MDS. The following excerpt is from Plaut G.W.E., Laboratory for the Study of Hereditary and Metabolic Disease, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, which is entitled 'Enzymic Formation of Riboflavin,' in Pteridine Chemistry, 1964:

This radioactive basic substance can be eluted off the cation exchange column by ammonium hydroxide, and has been identified as ribitylamine by paper electrophoresis and paper chromatography. It is obvious from these results that at the stage of the Dowex 50 column material X consists of at least two components: 1.) ribitylamide (which is retained by the cation exchanger) and 2.) a component(s) which passes through the cation exchange column and which retains carbon atoms of the pyrimidine ring moiety of 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine. It seemed possible that alloxanic acid (Fig. 7) could be this second substance.

We know now that this is not the case. However, this assumption led to attempts to degrade the unknown component in the charcoal effluent in the presence of a carrier of non-radioactive alloxanic acid and resulted in additional information about its composition. Treatment of alloxanic acid with alkali leads to the formation of oxomalonic acid (mesoxalic acid) and urea (Fig. 7). Examination of the results presented in Table 7 reveals that the treatment in this manner of the unknown compound derived from 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine-2-C led to the formation of radioactive urea (identified by paper chromatography) and non-radioactive oxomalonic acid.

On the other hand, in a similar experiment in which 6.7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine-4,8a-C served as substrate, the degradation of product urea did not contain significant radioactivity while the 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone of oxomalonic acid (identified by paper chromatography) was radioactive. These results suggest that carbon atom no. 2 of the lumazine remains associated with two nitrogen atoms in the unknown compound, since urea is the only radioactive product of degradation of this material when it is formed from 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine-2-C.'

 

[RodISHI]

Some notes I came across last night possibly linking Wolbachia to prions too.

Today doing more research on intestinal parasites hydrangea root kills. The brain gut axis and nutrient depletion coincide with intestinal parasites too.