OK
Final word to because you are clearly to lazy to do any research.
First, states had state run churches and they were never challenged: from a 100 sources on the internet:
By 1790, about two-thirds of Connecticut’s religious societies were Congregationalist, while the rest were other Christian denominations
teachitct.org.
The Congregational Church was
disestablished in 1818 when the Connecticut Constitution formally ended state support for any single church, aligning with the U.S. First Amendment’s establishment clause
teachitct.org+1.
So, while Connecticut did not have a national church, it maintained a
state-established Congregational Church from the 1630s until 1818, when it became a secular state.
Second, Thomas stated the following:
Justice Thomas, who wrote a supporting opinion for the Greece v. Galloway decision, argues that the Establishment Clause applies only to federal government, and that
state and municipal governments retain the power to recognize a local religion if they want. He cites as evidence the fact that several of the states actually had established religions, in some cases with taxation laws supporting the church, at the time of the framing of the Constitution.
He goes on to assert that while the federal government protects the individual’s right to religious freedom, it is restrained by the Establishment Clause from even speaking to the right of states and municipalities to establish religion or allow prayer in public meetings. This opinion is unique within the court, but remains consistent with other opinions he has written over the years regarding the First Amendment.
You want to argue with Thomas, be my guest. He's smarter that you (and looking even more smart with each post you make).
Third: Incorporation is: In
United States constitutional law,
incorporation is the doctrine by which portions of the
Bill of Rights have been made applicable to the
states.
Rep.
John Bingham, the principal framer of the Fourteenth Amendment, advocated that the Fourteenth applied the first eight Amendments of the Bill of Rights to the States.<a href="
Incorporation of the Bill of Rights - Wikipedia"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a> The
U.S. Supreme Court subsequently declined to interpret it that way, despite the dissenting argument in the 1947 case of
Adamson v. California by Supreme Court Justice
Hugo Black that the framers' intent should control the Court's interpretation of the Fourteenth Amendment (he included a lengthy appendix that quoted extensively from Bingham's congressional testimony)
Although the
Adamson Court declined to adopt Black's interpretation, the Court during the following twenty-five years employed a doctrine of selective incorporation that succeeded in extending against the
States almost all of the protections in the Bill of Rights, as well as other, unenumerated rights.
In the 1940s and 1960s the Supreme Court gradually issued a series of decisions incorporating several of the specific rights from the Bill of Rights, so as to be binding upon the States
en.wikipedia.org
No more you stupid ****. Do your own homework and stop making an ass of yourself.
