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Catholics and Fundamentalists
How do we get to heaven?
by Peter Kreeft
Surely there's no more important question in this life than: "What must I do to be saved" (Acts 16:30).
Fundamentalists think Catholics don't know how to be saved. Most fundamentalists, in fact, think Catholics will go to hell. That's why they thunder against the Catholic Church as "the whore of Babylon" ( Rev. 17).
Fundamentalists point to Paul, who told his Philippian jailer, "Believe in the Lord Jesus Christ and you will be saved" (Acts 16: 31). In other words, "faith alone" is the Bible's answer.
But the Catholic Church's answer is that you need faith and hope and love. And love means here the works of love. For Christian love is not a sentiment. That love means good works is abundantly clear from many parables, such as the Good Samaritan, the fig tree, the Last Judgment and the man who built his house upon a rock (Luke 10:25- 37, 13:6-9; Matt. 25:31-46, 7:24-27).
Let's look at that answer for a minute. Salvation includes both faith and works, just as a plant includes both root and fruit. We are indeed "justified by faith" (Rom. 5:11), planted in God by faith as a tree is planted in the earth by its roots. But this faith always produces its fruit, good works. If not, it is a fake or dead faith. "Faith without works is dead" (James 2 -26) and cannot save a man (James 2:14).
We are saved not by our faith, but by God's grace; our faith is our choice to receive the gift. Salvation is the very life of God in our soul. That supernatural life is received and begun by faith, it aspires upward and grows by hope, and it bears its natural fruit by love. Faith is the root of the plant of salvation; hope is the stem; the works of love are its fruits.
The most perfect and important part of the plant is the fruit. The whole plant is there for the sake of the fruit. The root is not the end but the means. The fruit is the end. Thus Jesus cursed the fruitless fig tree (Matt. 21:19). "By their fruits you shall know them," He said (Matt. 7:20). No one (except God) can see our faith, just as no one can see a plant's roots. But they can see our works.
The supposed opposition between faith and works is absurd, for they are two aspects of the same thing. The same reality, God's own life, comes in by faith and out by works. They are inhaling and exhaling of the same breath, the same Spirit. And you can't live without both inhaling and exhaling.
Fundamentalists only have to read their Bible to see this, and Catholics only have to listen to their Church to see the same thing. If fundamentalists and Catholics would only listen to their own authorities (which never contradict each other), they would solve the most important of issues of all that separate them.
Closing the chasm between fundamentalism and Catholicism has not proceeded far because of much mutual prejudice. Yet the objective theological issues are not so impossible to resolve as most people think.
For there are two crucial verbal misunderstandings at the root of the dispute about salvation by faith alone or by faith plus works. And this issue is the most important issue for fundamentalists. You hardly ever hear a fundamentalist sermon that doesn't somehow bring it in, though the congregation has heard it a thousand times before. It's so familiar that it's hard to look at fairly and freshly, like your own face. But that's exactly what we must try to do right now.
One of the two verbal misunderstandings concerns the word "salvation." Fundamentalists identify "salvation" with "justification." When they say we're "justified by faith alone" or "saved by faith alone" they mean that faith in Christ as Savior (i.e., the choice to accept Christ as Person not just Christ's "philosophy") - is enough to get you to Heaven. This is true: Paul says so in both Romans and Galatians.
But what fundamentalists don't see is that "salvation" involves more than just getting to heaven. It also involves living "the kingdom of heaven" on earth. It includes both "justification" (being made right with God, the debt of sin removed!) and "sanctification" (being made saintly, the will gradually acquiring habits of love toward God and neighbor!). The latter half of "salvation" clearly is a matter of good works, because habits are made by actions. We become the persons God destines us to become - lovers-only by the works of loving.
Continued