Who & what is contributing to coral reef loss

[flacaltenn]

From the abstract to the paper referenced in the article..


Toxicopathological Effects of the Sunscreen UV Filter, Oxybenzone (Benzophenone-3), on Coral Planulae and Cultured Primary Cells and Its Environmental Contamination in Hawaii and the U.S. Virgin Islands - Online First - Springer


The LC50 of planulae exposed to oxybenzone in the light for an 8- and 24-h exposure was 3.1 mg/L and 139 µg/L, respectively. The LC50s for oxybenzone in darkness for the same time points were 16.8 mg/L and 779 µg/L. Deformity EC20 levels (24 h) of planulae exposed to oxybenzone were 6.5 µg/L in the light and 10 µg/L in darkness. Coral cell LC50s (4 h, in the light) for 7 different coral species ranges from 8 to 340 µg/L, whereas LC20s (4 h, in the light) for the same species ranges from 0.062 to 8 µg/L. Coral reef contamination of oxybenzone in the U.S. Virgin Islands ranged from 75 µg/L to 1.4 mg/L, whereas Hawaiian sites were contaminated between 0.8 and 19.2 µg/L. Oxybenzone poses a hazard to coral reef conservation and threatens the resiliency of coral reefs to climate change.

LC50 and LC20 refer to the concentrations that kill 50% or 20% of the test specimens..

The tip-off here is the HUGE RANGE that they "found" in the US Virgin Isl..

To go from 75uG/L to 1.4mG/L is a huge range. And my bet is -- those largest concentrations --- if accurate, where taken in small ISOLATED areas where tourists rent snorkels and fins and float over a small portion of reef.

Situations like that are EASILY remedied by requiring showers before renting the gear and advising on wearing tee shirts or other covering instead. I'll bet a big one that those readings that are high enough represent EXTREMELY tiny portions of coral reef habitat..

Ooooooohhhh so regulating human activity is a good way to protect the reefs? Who would have fucking thunk it.

Did I say REGULATE?? Why is it that lefties always assume there should a law, a bureau of enforcers, and a lot of red tape. A simple sign at the flipper rental ASKING for compliance and telling them WHY would probably do --- except for maybe hard-asses like you.. We'd have a special line where cavity searches for illicit sunscreen are done on folks like you..

 

[TheOldSchool]

From the abstract to the paper referenced in the article..


Toxicopathological Effects of the Sunscreen UV Filter, Oxybenzone (Benzophenone-3), on Coral Planulae and Cultured Primary Cells and Its Environmental Contamination in Hawaii and the U.S. Virgin Islands - Online First - Springer


The LC50 of planulae exposed to oxybenzone in the light for an 8- and 24-h exposure was 3.1 mg/L and 139 µg/L, respectively. The LC50s for oxybenzone in darkness for the same time points were 16.8 mg/L and 779 µg/L. Deformity EC20 levels (24 h) of planulae exposed to oxybenzone were 6.5 µg/L in the light and 10 µg/L in darkness. Coral cell LC50s (4 h, in the light) for 7 different coral species ranges from 8 to 340 µg/L, whereas LC20s (4 h, in the light) for the same species ranges from 0.062 to 8 µg/L. Coral reef contamination of oxybenzone in the U.S. Virgin Islands ranged from 75 µg/L to 1.4 mg/L, whereas Hawaiian sites were contaminated between 0.8 and 19.2 µg/L. Oxybenzone poses a hazard to coral reef conservation and threatens the resiliency of coral reefs to climate change.

LC50 and LC20 refer to the concentrations that kill 50% or 20% of the test specimens..

The tip-off here is the HUGE RANGE that they "found" in the US Virgin Isl..

To go from 75uG/L to 1.4mG/L is a huge range. And my bet is -- those largest concentrations --- if accurate, where taken in small ISOLATED areas where tourists rent snorkels and fins and float over a small portion of reef.

Situations like that are EASILY remedied by requiring showers before renting the gear and advising on wearing tee shirts or other covering instead. I'll bet a big one that those readings that are high enough represent EXTREMELY tiny portions of coral reef habitat..

Ooooooohhhh so regulating human activity is a good way to protect the reefs? Who would have fucking thunk it.

Did I say REGULATE?? Why is it that lefties always assume there should a law, a bureau of enforcers, and a lot of red tape. A simple sign at the flipper rental ASKING for compliance and telling them WHY would probably do --- except for maybe hard-asses like you.. We'd have a special line where cavity searches for illicit sunscreen are done on folks like you..

Lol don't worry bro. Your great grandkids will never know what a coral reef is, and they probably won't care. I bet iPhones will be mindblowing by then.

Fucking sunscreen... good grief where do you store all that shit? You seem so full of it, but somehow there's always room for more!

 

[Dante]

The coral reef IS a life form. Pollutants have combined and become toxic to that life form. Thus its dying.

Who is contributing to coral reef loss?

 

[Dante]

How we are all contributing to the destruction of coral reefs: Sunscreen

The study, released Tuesday, was conducted in the U.S. Virgin Islands and Hawaii several years after a chance encounter between a group of researchers on one of the Caribbean beaches, Trunk Bay, and a vendor waiting for the day’s invasion of tourists. Just wait to see what they’d leave behind, he told the scientists – “a long oil slick.” His comment sparked the idea for the research.

Not only did the study determine that a tiny amount of sunscreen is all it takes to begin damaging the delicate corals — the equivalent of a drop of water in a half-dozen Olympic-sized swimming pools — it documented three different ways that the ingredient oxybenzone breaks the coral down, robbing it of life-giving nutrients and turning it ghostly white.

Research for the new study was conducted only on the two islands. But across the world each year, up to 14,000 tons of sunscreen lotions are discharged into coral reef, and much of it “contains between 1 and 10 percent oxybenzone,” the authors said. They estimate that places at least 10 percent of reefs at risk of high exposure, judging from how reefs are located in popular tourism areas.

So, John Fauth, an associate professor of biology at the University of Central Florida in Orlando, Craig Downs of the nonprofit Haereticus Environmental Laboratory in Clifford, Va., and Esti Kramarsky-Winter, a researcher in the Department of Zoology at Tel Aviv University in Israel publish a study in the journal Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology?

That study follows a study by that National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration two weeks ago that says the world is in the midst of a third global coral bleaching event, that warned that pollution is undermining the health of coral, rendering it unable to resist bleaching or recover from the effects?

This leads to conclusions...

The National Marine Fisheries Service, a division of the NOAA, placed their value for U.S. fisheries at $100 million. They spawn the fish humans eat and protect miles of coast from storm surge.

“Local economies also receive billions of dollars from visitors to reefs through diving tours, recreational fishing trips, hotels, restaurants, and other businesses based near reef ecosystems,” NOAA said on its Web site. “Globally, coral reefs provide a net benefit of $9.6 billion each year from tourism and recreation revenues, and $5.7 billion per year from fisheries.”​

How we are all contributing to the destruction of coral reefs: Sunscreen

Very interesting

 

[Dante]

Yep.. POLLUTION is probably a big part of coral reef degradation. In this case -- oxybenzone, which occurs naturally in flower and plant pigments -- is a small part of the problem of run-off or direct sewage disposal.

The substance breaks down in weeks under sunny hot conditions.

My guess is -- someone with an "Organic, Natural, or Green" sunscreen is probably getting in a jab at the largest suppliers. Your choice. Your decision.... I just want mine to work when I need it to..

Probably? You doubt the findings of the studies?

btw...

“The use of oxybenzone-containing products needs to be seriously deliberated in islands and areas where coral reef conservation is a critical issue,” Downs said. “We have lost at least 80 percent of the coral reefs in the Caribbean. Any small effort to reduce oxybenzone pollution could mean that a coral reef survives a long, hot summer, or that a degraded area recovers.”​

 

[Dante]

Actually, I saw a documentary on this, and they stated that because of changes in the temperature, the coral is starting to bleach out and eventually dies. Apparently, coral has a fairly narrow temp. range, and if it gets too hot, it bleaches out and dies.

The warming of the oceans has been documented for several years now, and it is evidenced by the fact that certain types of sea life (sharks, squids, etc.) are going farther north because the warming currents allow them to do so.

Matter of fact, warm currents were one of the reasons of the shark outbreak this past summer.

Saw things like that too, but how does this figure in with the studies in the article? Or does it?

 

[Dante]

Haven't heard the sunscreen argument before.

Probably not. The studies are newly published.

 

[DarkFury]

How we are all contributing to the destruction of coral reefs: Sunscreen

The study, released Tuesday, was conducted in the U.S. Virgin Islands and Hawaii several years after a chance encounter between a group of researchers on one of the Caribbean beaches, Trunk Bay, and a vendor waiting for the day’s invasion of tourists. Just wait to see what they’d leave behind, he told the scientists – “a long oil slick.” His comment sparked the idea for the research.

Not only did the study determine that a tiny amount of sunscreen is all it takes to begin damaging the delicate corals — the equivalent of a drop of water in a half-dozen Olympic-sized swimming pools — it documented three different ways that the ingredient oxybenzone breaks the coral down, robbing it of life-giving nutrients and turning it ghostly white.

Research for the new study was conducted only on the two islands. But across the world each year, up to 14,000 tons of sunscreen lotions are discharged into coral reef, and much of it “contains between 1 and 10 percent oxybenzone,” the authors said. They estimate that places at least 10 percent of reefs at risk of high exposure, judging from how reefs are located in popular tourism areas.

So, John Fauth, an associate professor of biology at the University of Central Florida in Orlando, Craig Downs of the nonprofit Haereticus Environmental Laboratory in Clifford, Va., and Esti Kramarsky-Winter, a researcher in the Department of Zoology at Tel Aviv University in Israel publish a study in the journal Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology?

That study follows a study by that National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration two weeks ago that says the world is in the midst of a third global coral bleaching event, that warned that pollution is undermining the health of coral, rendering it unable to resist bleaching or recover from the effects?

This leads to conclusions...

The National Marine Fisheries Service, a division of the NOAA, placed their value for U.S. fisheries at $100 million. They spawn the fish humans eat and protect miles of coast from storm surge.

“Local economies also receive billions of dollars from visitors to reefs through diving tours, recreational fishing trips, hotels, restaurants, and other businesses based near reef ecosystems,” NOAA said on its Web site. “Globally, coral reefs provide a net benefit of $9.6 billion each year from tourism and recreation revenues, and $5.7 billion per year from fisheries.”​

How we are all contributing to the destruction of coral reefs: Sunscreen

Very interesting

"
"Who & what is contributing to coral reef loss?"

Key word "What".

 

[Dante]

Haven't heard the sunscreen argument before. Everything deposited on land eventually leaches into the ocean. Think of all the lawn chemicals. What about all the crap the Navy dumps overboard? What about a billion people having no sewage treatment and another few billion having substandard treatment? What about oil spills and the fact that countries were dropping barrels of nuke waste into the sea up until the '80's. It's cumulative. Warmists want to blame everything on 'ocean acidification' due to carbon.

What does most of your post have to do with the Coral and the studies?

What does global warming have to do with this thread or what is in the OP?

 

[Dante]

How we are all contributing to the destruction of coral reefs: Sunscreen

The study, released Tuesday, was conducted in the U.S. Virgin Islands and Hawaii several years after a chance encounter between a group of researchers on one of the Caribbean beaches, Trunk Bay, and a vendor waiting for the day’s invasion of tourists. Just wait to see what they’d leave behind, he told the scientists – “a long oil slick.” His comment sparked the idea for the research.

Not only did the study determine that a tiny amount of sunscreen is all it takes to begin damaging the delicate corals — the equivalent of a drop of water in a half-dozen Olympic-sized swimming pools — it documented three different ways that the ingredient oxybenzone breaks the coral down, robbing it of life-giving nutrients and turning it ghostly white.

Research for the new study was conducted only on the two islands. But across the world each year, up to 14,000 tons of sunscreen lotions are discharged into coral reef, and much of it “contains between 1 and 10 percent oxybenzone,” the authors said. They estimate that places at least 10 percent of reefs at risk of high exposure, judging from how reefs are located in popular tourism areas.

So, John Fauth, an associate professor of biology at the University of Central Florida in Orlando, Craig Downs of the nonprofit Haereticus Environmental Laboratory in Clifford, Va., and Esti Kramarsky-Winter, a researcher in the Department of Zoology at Tel Aviv University in Israel publish a study in the journal Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology?

That study follows a study by that National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration two weeks ago that says the world is in the midst of a third global coral bleaching event, that warned that pollution is undermining the health of coral, rendering it unable to resist bleaching or recover from the effects?

This leads to conclusions...

The National Marine Fisheries Service, a division of the NOAA, placed their value for U.S. fisheries at $100 million. They spawn the fish humans eat and protect miles of coast from storm surge.

“Local economies also receive billions of dollars from visitors to reefs through diving tours, recreational fishing trips, hotels, restaurants, and other businesses based near reef ecosystems,” NOAA said on its Web site. “Globally, coral reefs provide a net benefit of $9.6 billion each year from tourism and recreation revenues, and $5.7 billion per year from fisheries.”​

How we are all contributing to the destruction of coral reefs: Sunscreen

Very interesting

"
"Who & what is contributing to coral reef loss?"

Key word "What".

please, you can ignore questions if you want to, but no need to play games

 

[Dante]

Hey...............if the coral reefs disappear, then so do many of the fish, and a great deal of the world's food supply.

And..............they're due to lose around 5 to 10 percent of the coral reefs worldwide by the end of this year, according to some predictions that I saw on that documentary.

They said it was because the water around the coral reefs was too warm, and that's why they are dying.

what has this to do with the article on the studies in the OP? IS there something missing?

 

[Treeshepherd]

Haven't heard the sunscreen argument before. Everything deposited on land eventually leaches into the ocean. Think of all the lawn chemicals. What about all the crap the Navy dumps overboard? What about a billion people having no sewage treatment and another few billion having substandard treatment? What about oil spills and the fact that countries were dropping barrels of nuke waste into the sea up until the '80's. It's cumulative. Warmists want to blame everything on 'ocean acidification' due to carbon.

What does most of your post have to do with the Coral and the studies?

What does global warming have to do with this thread or what is in the OP?

Not sure if you've been tuned into the ocean acidification debate for the last 5 years, but 'the scientists' have been blaming the demise of the reefs on elevated CO2 levels

 

[DarkFury]

How we are all contributing to the destruction of coral reefs: Sunscreen

The study, released Tuesday, was conducted in the U.S. Virgin Islands and Hawaii several years after a chance encounter between a group of researchers on one of the Caribbean beaches, Trunk Bay, and a vendor waiting for the day’s invasion of tourists. Just wait to see what they’d leave behind, he told the scientists – “a long oil slick.” His comment sparked the idea for the research.

Not only did the study determine that a tiny amount of sunscreen is all it takes to begin damaging the delicate corals — the equivalent of a drop of water in a half-dozen Olympic-sized swimming pools — it documented three different ways that the ingredient oxybenzone breaks the coral down, robbing it of life-giving nutrients and turning it ghostly white.

Research for the new study was conducted only on the two islands. But across the world each year, up to 14,000 tons of sunscreen lotions are discharged into coral reef, and much of it “contains between 1 and 10 percent oxybenzone,” the authors said. They estimate that places at least 10 percent of reefs at risk of high exposure, judging from how reefs are located in popular tourism areas.

So, John Fauth, an associate professor of biology at the University of Central Florida in Orlando, Craig Downs of the nonprofit Haereticus Environmental Laboratory in Clifford, Va., and Esti Kramarsky-Winter, a researcher in the Department of Zoology at Tel Aviv University in Israel publish a study in the journal Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology?

That study follows a study by that National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration two weeks ago that says the world is in the midst of a third global coral bleaching event, that warned that pollution is undermining the health of coral, rendering it unable to resist bleaching or recover from the effects?

This leads to conclusions...

The National Marine Fisheries Service, a division of the NOAA, placed their value for U.S. fisheries at $100 million. They spawn the fish humans eat and protect miles of coast from storm surge.

“Local economies also receive billions of dollars from visitors to reefs through diving tours, recreational fishing trips, hotels, restaurants, and other businesses based near reef ecosystems,” NOAA said on its Web site. “Globally, coral reefs provide a net benefit of $9.6 billion each year from tourism and recreation revenues, and $5.7 billion per year from fisheries.”​

How we are all contributing to the destruction of coral reefs: Sunscreen

Very interesting

"
"Who & what is contributing to coral reef loss?"

Key word "What".

please, you can ignore questions if you want to, but no need to play games

No game, gave my thought as to why. The Who is many people and groups. When I ran my Dad's boat during the summer between the 3 mile pins I saw a LOT of coral and watched areas of it die and know why SOME is dying.

You simply chose to mis-quote the title for whatever reason.

 

[Dante]

How we are all contributing to the destruction of coral reefs: Sunscreen

The study, released Tuesday, was conducted in the U.S. Virgin Islands and Hawaii several years after a chance encounter between a group of researchers on one of the Caribbean beaches, Trunk Bay, and a vendor waiting for the day’s invasion of tourists. Just wait to see what they’d leave behind, he told the scientists – “a long oil slick.” His comment sparked the idea for the research.

Not only did the study determine that a tiny amount of sunscreen is all it takes to begin damaging the delicate corals — the equivalent of a drop of water in a half-dozen Olympic-sized swimming pools — it documented three different ways that the ingredient oxybenzone breaks the coral down, robbing it of life-giving nutrients and turning it ghostly white.

Research for the new study was conducted only on the two islands. But across the world each year, up to 14,000 tons of sunscreen lotions are discharged into coral reef, and much of it “contains between 1 and 10 percent oxybenzone,” the authors said. They estimate that places at least 10 percent of reefs at risk of high exposure, judging from how reefs are located in popular tourism areas.

Discuss...

**************please familiarize yourself w/ the Environment sub-forum rules before posting mkay thanks

(IOW- NO TROLLING)

What? You mean it isn't global warming as we have all been told for so long? That's funny. Whenever a claim is made for global warming, very soon a real scientist comes along and finds out that it wasn't global warming at all and some other agent.

Thanks for posting this!

How is this relevant to the OP?

 

[Dante]

No game, gave my thought as to why. The Who is many people and groups. When I ran my Dad's boat during the summer between the 3 mile pins I saw a LOT of coral and watched areas of it die and know why SOME is dying.

You simply choose to mis-quote the title for whatever reason.

So you are saying people are contributing to the reefs dying -- the reefs mentioned in the studies? and please again, no games. No one misquoted the title. We are getting off topic with this

 

[Dante]

Haven't heard the sunscreen argument before. Everything deposited on land eventually leaches into the ocean. Think of all the lawn chemicals. What about all the crap the Navy dumps overboard? What about a billion people having no sewage treatment and another few billion having substandard treatment? What about oil spills and the fact that countries were dropping barrels of nuke waste into the sea up until the '80's. It's cumulative. Warmists want to blame everything on 'ocean acidification' due to carbon.

What does most of your post have to do with the Coral and the studies?

What does global warming have to do with this thread or what is in the OP?

Not sure if you've been tuned into the ocean acidification debate for the last 5 years, but 'the scientists' have been blaming the demise of the reefs on elevated CO2 levels

You also are taking this off topic. Acidification is not addressed in the article on the studies. Neither is co2

What do you think of the studies, the article the OP?

 

[Dante]

The coral reef IS a life form. Pollutants have combined and become toxic to that life form. Thus its dying.

Who is contributing to coral reef loss?

a simple question, not to be construed as being the title of the thread

 

[Treeshepherd]

Haven't heard the sunscreen argument before. Everything deposited on land eventually leaches into the ocean. Think of all the lawn chemicals. What about all the crap the Navy dumps overboard? What about a billion people having no sewage treatment and another few billion having substandard treatment? What about oil spills and the fact that countries were dropping barrels of nuke waste into the sea up until the '80's. It's cumulative. Warmists want to blame everything on 'ocean acidification' due to carbon.

What does most of your post have to do with the Coral and the studies?

What does global warming have to do with this thread or what is in the OP?

Not sure if you've been tuned into the ocean acidification debate for the last 5 years, but 'the scientists' have been blaming the demise of the reefs on elevated CO2 levels

You also are taking this off topic. Acidification is not addressed in the article on the studies. Neither is co2

What do you think of the studies, the article the OP?

Admittedly I haven't looked at the studies. I don't use sun screen. I don't use bug spray. I don't use mosquito repellent. I don't use air conditioning. I just deal with the elements.

 

[Dante]

Acidification, warming, pollutants, all are contributing to the dying of the reefs. The differance between Westwall and real scientists is that the scientists are stating all the causes, and Westwall is denying one of the big factors out of political considerations.

Our oceans have been one of the main suppliers of food for humanity as long as humanity has existed. And we are destroying that resource, each one that is contributing to the destruction pointing at everyone else and stating , "Not me, him". Human nature at it's very worst.

Now one study mentioned in the article "National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration study two weeks ago that said the world is in the midst of a third global coral bleaching event. It warned that pollution is undermining the health of coral, rendering it unable to resist bleaching or recover from the effects."

Do all of the causes you've listed address the bleaching events? What do they have to do with the reefs mentioned in the sun screen study? Do you know? Can you explain it?

 

[Dante]

more from the study:


How we are all contributing to the destruction of coral reefs: Sunscreen

Research for the new study was conducted only on the two islands. But across the world each year, up to 14,000 tons of sunscreen lotions are discharged into coral reef, and much of it “contains between 1 and 10 percent oxybenzone,” the authors said. They estimate that places at least 10 percent of reefs at risk of high exposure, judging from how reefs are located in popular tourism areas.

No way in hell that 14,000 tons of sunscreen land smack dab on coral reefs every year..

Did they compare tourist areas to NON-tourist areas. Not all coral reefs are located in the vicinity of CROWDED beaches.. In fact -- very FEW are....

I think they are over the top on this "theory"...

Theory?

Not only did the study determine that a tiny amount of sunscreen is all it takes to begin damaging the delicate corals — the equivalent of a drop of water in a half-dozen Olympic-sized swimming pools — it documented three different ways that the ingredient oxybenzone breaks the coral down, robbing it of life-giving nutrients and turning it ghostly white.​