The sun shines just the same when the planet is glaciating or deglaciating. It’s how that radiation is stored and released that explains the climate changes of the planet. Landmass configuration - especially at the polar regions - and how the uneven heating of the surface is manifested by wind and ocean currents and the GHG effect of the atmosphere determines the temperature of the planet.
But the key to our present climate is driven by what is happening in the northern hemisphere. When the northern hemisphere is glaciating, the planet cools. This is because of albedo. When the northern hemisphere is deglaciating, like it is today, the planet warms.
The effect of CO2 is 1C per doubling of CO2. In other words, it reinforces natural warming or cooling. It does not drive it.