Oof, that first one is bad. The 2nd one is absolutely justified. I think in the case of the first one, it depends on what the officer is responding to. If it's something that gives the officer a form of reason to believe that the guy is threat to other people, then yeah, that's justified. From reading on this case, though, that does not seem to be the case. It sounds like the officer was absolved of wrong doing because he 'believed he was in immediate danger of death'.
It's shoots like that first one which is the reason why in 2022, when the DOJ updated their policy (this gets updated EXTREMELY rarely btw, the last update to it was in 2004), it included an update to the policy of 'Moving out the way of vehicles'.
"Firearms may not be discharged solely to disable moving vehicles. Specifically, firearms may not be discharged at a moving vehicle unless: (1) a person in the vehicle is threatening the officer or another person with deadly force by means other than the vehicle; or (2) the vehicle is operated in a manner that threatens to cause death or serious physical injury to the officer or others, and no other objectively reasonable means of defense appear to exist, which includes moving out of the path of the vehicle. Firearms may not be discharged from a moving vehicle except in exigent circumstances. In these situations, an officer must have an articulable reason for this use of deadly force."
Alongside this, the Biden Executive Order 14074 (May 25, 2022), means that this DOJ update applies to all federal law enforcemnt agencies. Whether this was actually implemented by ICE is the question (The DHS has redacted the Use of Force policy -- how's that for transparency?). But I think this policy of moving out the way (when the driver has not given justifiable reason for the officer to believe that the person is a threat to other people if they are allowed to continue driving) is a good one.
And in terms of police departments around the US, any that don't yet have this policy, should enact it. I don't think there is any reason not to. Do you agree?