- Mar 11, 2015
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- #161
"It was never the case that a white asset-based middle class simply emerged. Rather, it was government policy, and to some extent literal government giveaways, that provided whites the finance, education, land and infrastructure to accumulate and pass down wealth."
Here’s why black families have struggled for decades to gain wealth
Let me continue with the stone cold truth
Remembering Mary Turner
In May of 1918, Hampton Smith, a 31 year old White plantation owner in Brooks County, Georgia was shot and killed by one of his Black workers named Sydney Johnson. Hampton Smith was known for abusing and beating his workers to the point few people in the area would work for him. To solve this labor shortage, Smith turned to the debt peonage system of the day and found a ready labor pool. He used that system by bailing people out of jail, people typically arrested for petty offenses, and having them work off their debt (the bail money) to him on his plantation. Nineteen year old Sydney Johnson, arrested for "rolling dice" and fined thirty dollars, was one such unfortunate person.
After a few days of work on Smith's plantation, and shortly after being refused his earned wages and beaten by Smith for not working while he was sick, Sidney Johnson shot and killed Hampton Smith. What ensued after the shooting was a mob driven manhunt for Johnson and others thought to be involved in his decision to kill Hampton Smith. That manhunt lasted for more than a week and resulted in the deaths of at least 13 people with some historical accounts suggesting a higher number of persons killed. One of the people killed was a woman named Mary Turner.
Thirty three year-old Mary Turner (m.n. Hattie Graham), 8 months pregnant at the time and whose husband had been killed in this "lynching rampage" on Sunday, May 19th, publicly objected to her husband's murder. She also had the audacity to threaten to swear out warrants for those responsible. Those "unwise remarks," as the area papers put it, enraged locals. Consequently, Mary Turner fled for her life only to be caught and taken to a place called Folsom's Bridge on the Brooks and Lowndes Counties' shared border. To punish her, at Folsom's Bridge the mob tied Mary Turner by her ankles, hung her upside down from a tree, poured gasoline on her and burned off her clothes. One member of the mob then cut her stomach open and her unborn child dropped to the ground where it was reportedly stomped on and crushed by a member of the mob. Her body was then riddled with gunfire from the mob. Later that night she and her baby were buried ten feet away from where they were murdered. The makeshift grave was marked with only a "whiskey bottle" with a "cigar" stuffed in its neck.
Remembering Mary Turner
Please do not lie about the long history of white violence.
After slavery ended: Whites went on a killing spree, then the SCOTUS effectively killed the 13th, 14th and 15th amendments. Blacks had no legal protection from white terrorism occurring in the south. After the brutal murder of Turner and her unborn child, blacks decided to leave the south because they heard that a black person could get a job, make decent money and be able to afford nice things.
Blacks actually believed whites would let them move away.
1.5 million blacks moved north and as whites started watching blacks leave, they had to find some way to stop it. And so they started.
Whites used violence to force blacks from their property via the terrorism of whitecapping, where blacks were literally run out of town and their possessions stolen.
Peonage-debt slavery put on black sharecroppers in the form of the company store. White landowners cheated blacks out of money and if they complained, they could be lynched.
Blacks trying to leave were denied the ability to board trains heading north and in some places a black person holding a train ticket was a crime. Labor recruiters from the north were charged huge fees if they wanted to purchase recruiting licenses. So in short, black were denied the right to move and to equally participate in the capitalist system.
And this did not just apply to the south.
Here’s why black families have struggled for decades to gain wealth
Let me continue with the stone cold truth
Remembering Mary Turner
In May of 1918, Hampton Smith, a 31 year old White plantation owner in Brooks County, Georgia was shot and killed by one of his Black workers named Sydney Johnson. Hampton Smith was known for abusing and beating his workers to the point few people in the area would work for him. To solve this labor shortage, Smith turned to the debt peonage system of the day and found a ready labor pool. He used that system by bailing people out of jail, people typically arrested for petty offenses, and having them work off their debt (the bail money) to him on his plantation. Nineteen year old Sydney Johnson, arrested for "rolling dice" and fined thirty dollars, was one such unfortunate person.
After a few days of work on Smith's plantation, and shortly after being refused his earned wages and beaten by Smith for not working while he was sick, Sidney Johnson shot and killed Hampton Smith. What ensued after the shooting was a mob driven manhunt for Johnson and others thought to be involved in his decision to kill Hampton Smith. That manhunt lasted for more than a week and resulted in the deaths of at least 13 people with some historical accounts suggesting a higher number of persons killed. One of the people killed was a woman named Mary Turner.
Thirty three year-old Mary Turner (m.n. Hattie Graham), 8 months pregnant at the time and whose husband had been killed in this "lynching rampage" on Sunday, May 19th, publicly objected to her husband's murder. She also had the audacity to threaten to swear out warrants for those responsible. Those "unwise remarks," as the area papers put it, enraged locals. Consequently, Mary Turner fled for her life only to be caught and taken to a place called Folsom's Bridge on the Brooks and Lowndes Counties' shared border. To punish her, at Folsom's Bridge the mob tied Mary Turner by her ankles, hung her upside down from a tree, poured gasoline on her and burned off her clothes. One member of the mob then cut her stomach open and her unborn child dropped to the ground where it was reportedly stomped on and crushed by a member of the mob. Her body was then riddled with gunfire from the mob. Later that night she and her baby were buried ten feet away from where they were murdered. The makeshift grave was marked with only a "whiskey bottle" with a "cigar" stuffed in its neck.
Remembering Mary Turner
Please do not lie about the long history of white violence.
After slavery ended: Whites went on a killing spree, then the SCOTUS effectively killed the 13th, 14th and 15th amendments. Blacks had no legal protection from white terrorism occurring in the south. After the brutal murder of Turner and her unborn child, blacks decided to leave the south because they heard that a black person could get a job, make decent money and be able to afford nice things.
Blacks actually believed whites would let them move away.
1.5 million blacks moved north and as whites started watching blacks leave, they had to find some way to stop it. And so they started.
Whites used violence to force blacks from their property via the terrorism of whitecapping, where blacks were literally run out of town and their possessions stolen.
Peonage-debt slavery put on black sharecroppers in the form of the company store. White landowners cheated blacks out of money and if they complained, they could be lynched.
Blacks trying to leave were denied the ability to board trains heading north and in some places a black person holding a train ticket was a crime. Labor recruiters from the north were charged huge fees if they wanted to purchase recruiting licenses. So in short, black were denied the right to move and to equally participate in the capitalist system.
And this did not just apply to the south.
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