FYI- It isn't ambiguous.Birthright citizenship is BAD PUBLIC POLICY. No one can point to a single benefit, which is why Democrats unanimously support it.
The language of the 14th is ambiguous, and the USSC should use that ambiguity to correct this awful policy mistake, even if it has prevailed virtually since the beginning. They can declare that the children of illegals are "subject to the jurisdiction" of the same State as their parents.
The SC in the Ark case was able to use and examine the debate records on the 14th Amendment from the Senate floor surrounding what ALL PERSONS meant to all of those voting.
Everyone who voted on it, knew that ALL PERSONS meant, all persons.....with the exception of those with diplomatic immunity, and native tribesmen on reservations, both of whom were not under our jurisdiction.
Truths and Untruths About the Constitutional Origins of Birthright Citizenship | Constitutional Accountability Center
As Americans and our elected leaders engage in debate over immigration and the constitutional guarantee of citizenship at birth, there is something we should all be able to agree on: misleading statements about constitutional history do not help us understand the Constitution better or allow us...
The Opposition's Arguments
During the 1866 debates, opponents argued fiercely against the inclusive "all persons" language. They feared it would grant automatic citizenship to groups they deemed undesirable.
Key Quotes from the Debates
Senator Edgar Cowan (Pennsylvania)
Cowan was one of the most vocal opponents. He specifically feared the amendment would apply to Chinese immigrants in California and the Roma (whom he called "Gypsies") in his home state.
"I am really desirous to know whether... it is the child of the Chinese and the child of the Gypsy... who are to be citizens? ... Is it proposed that the people of California are to now have a flood of Thugs or Thuggees [invading] their State?"
Senator Jacob Howard (Michigan) — The Amendment's Sponsor
To understand the opposition, it helps to see how the amendment's supporters responded. Howard, who introduced the Citizenship Clause, confirmed that it was intended to be sweeping, excluding only a very specific set of people.
"This will not, of course, include persons born in the United States who are foreigners, aliens, who belong to the families of ambassadors or foreign ministers... but will include every other class of persons."
Senator Lyman Trumbull (Illinois)
Trumbull, a key architect of the era's civil rights legislation, directly answered Cowan's fears about Chinese and Roma children:
"[The child of a Gypsy or Chinese person is] undoubtedly [a citizen]... To be a citizen of the United States is a right which cannot be wrested from any class of persons.