Putin is trying to re-establish the Soviet Union. He won't stop at the Ukraine.
Exactly. But Putin is a Russian nationalist (which is why Trump admired him). We Americans tend to egotistical and think everything is about us. And of course much touches upon us since, despite our efforts over the past 20 years or so, we are still the "greatest power."
But I wonder how much of this is about the twilight of Merkle and Germany and Western europe. Merkle had backbone, but detested military solutions. Now Western europe has no cohesive military, or maybe even economy. And of course Trump weakened our ability to influence Western europe. France, the Brexit UK and Germany are all focused internally on their own divisions ... as are we .. which was Putin's goal in supporting Brexit and Trump.
For Americans, we tend to view external events in europe beginning around 1916, excluding events that brought most of our ancestors here. But Russia's expansion began around 1400 and continued thought Peter the Great to around 1790, which is when Our Story began.
We still focus on communism, and Russia is NOT a market economy. They are a gas station with nuclear arms (Merkle).
Russia's expansion ceased with market economies, and the rise of Bismarck and industrial Germany, and England's becoming the "master of the universe."
"After the fall of Communism in 1991, scholars and the general public in Russia and the West gave fresh attention to Peter and his role in Russian history. His reign is now seen as the decisive formative event in the Russian imperial past. Many new ideas have merged, such as whether he strengthened the autocratic state or whether the tsarist regime was not statist enough given its small bureaucracy.
[53] Modernization models have become contested ground.
[54] Historian Ia. Vodarsky said in 1993 that Peter, "did not lead the country on the path of accelerated economic, political and social development, did not force it to 'achieve a leap' through several stages.... On the contrary, these actions to the greatest degree put a brake on Russia's progress and created conditions for holding it back for one and a half centuries!"
[55] The autocratic powers that Stalin admired appeared as a liability to Evgeny Anisimov, who complained that Peter was, "the creator of the administrative command system and the true ancestor of Stalin."
[56]
While the cultural turn in
historiography has downplayed diplomatic, economic and constitutional issues, new cultural roles have been found for Peter, for example in architecture and dress. James Cracraft argues:
The Petrine revolution in Russia—subsuming in this phrase the many military, naval, governmental, educational, architectural, linguistic, and other internal reforms enacted by Peter’s regime to promote Russia’s rise as a major European power—was essentially a cultural revolution, one that profoundly impacted both the basic constitution of the Russian Empire and, perforce, its subsequent development.
[57]"
Peter the Great - Wikipedia (Legacy section)
A few years back, my church reading group was reading Master and Margareta, after the newly full version was published. Two Russian couples joined in for a few weeks, and I think they had difficulty expanding our horizons beyond communism and economics.
Setting aside Trump and his world view (assuming he has one beyond his own venal interests), Reagan and all US presidents from Wilson on viewed war as the result of social forces not allowing for free market expansion. And after WWII we imposed that view on western Europe and Asia. But Putin, imo, views territorial expansion as part of a cultural revolution. Whether people's material benefits or personal freedoms is immaterial.
Russia seeks to dominate socially and we seek to dominate economically. Reagan put it "we won, you lost." But Putin plays a longer game, imo. I'm not sure whether his motivation is the benefit of people and their freedom or simply the benefit of the East Slavic tribes or Rus people.