Correct. Higher prices at the pumps equals more profit for the oil companies, meaning they are paying more in taxes.
Not necessarily. Depends on how many loopholes they can find that year.
You're conflating corporate income taxes with federal taxes directly off the product. It is the latter this thread is about. And that's a fixed rate, so the only thing that varies the end result is the simple absolute number of how many gallons are sold. If that number of gallons does not keep pace with the costs to which the tax is dedicated, then it's a simple matter of costs exceeding available revenue.
It's really not as complex as you're trying to make it here. How much profit an oil company makes does not enter into it.
Encapsulated in the original article:
>> The gas tax has been stuck at 18.4 cents a gallon since 1993, and
during those 21 years it has lost 39 percent of its value to inflation. <<
Would you be willing to work at the same job for the same salary while it stayed fixed and lost 39% of its value? Same thing.
To look at it another way:
Years ago when you paid 99¢ a gallon, 18.4¢ of that purchase went to the Fed. On the other hand if today you pay $3.50 a gallon, 18.4¢ of that purchase goes to the Fed.
See the difference?
Me neither.