If full funding is to be accomplished, Congress must decide if [the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (1975)] is to be mandatory or subject to the annual appropriation process. Two comments weigh in against mandatory funding. This position is countered by the amendment sponsored by Senators Harkin and Hagel last year in the No Child Left Behind legislation establishing mandatory full funding.
Chairman John Boehner, House Committee on Education and the Workforce Fact Sheet, Fact Sheet, "IDEA Must Be Fully Funded, But First It Must Be Fixed," April 6, 2000:
"Making IDEA a mandatory spending program will make it very difficult to enact much needed reforms to its current structure. Once the program is mandatory, any changes to the program must be scored. If these changes cost money, then an offset must be found to pay for the changes. Offsets are typically difficult to find. . . . If . . .costs are much higher than twice the costs of education for non-disabled students . . . the Federal Government is locked into funding the program at 40 percent of the national average per pupil expenditure, . . . revising it is extremely difficult [and] . . . could prevent IDEA from receiving substantial funding increases."
Lisa Graham Keegan, Education Leaders Council; William J. Bennett, Empower America; Chester E. Finn, Jr., Thomas B. Fordham Foundation:
"Nor do we believe making the federal contribution an entitlement would make the program itself any more accountable or effective. . . .We need to be able to monitor its effectiveness through the appropriations process (among other accountability mechanisms), rather than allowing it to automatically continue to sop up funds."
Question 1. What, if any, changes should be considered in federal special education funding formulas?
I realize that school systems don't have enough money. However, I can't imagine how much money is wasted on districts trying to somehow defend their failure to comply with the law rather than just providing the service. A Parent Named Ann, May 14, 2002
Summary: Integrated funding, that is, the utilization of IDEA funds in general education classrooms, has been an issue for years, with advocates for student rights strongly opposing earmarking any IDEA money for use outside of special education. It was clear that administrators strongly favor such changes in IDEA from the strength of their recommendation, but this position was not reinforced by parents and other advocates. A myriad of other recommendations also surfaced--weighted or differential payments based on severity of the disability; elimination of funding supporting segregation; examination of costs versus expenditures as the funding formula base; creation of federal safety nets for cost overruns; addition of more administrative allowances; coordination of funding with other federal programs with IDEA responsibilities; reduction of state maintenance of effort requirements; creation of a state match; creation of a cap on Part B expenditures and attorneys fees; and elimination of disability categories.