Yeah, not free, and try adjusting for inflationIn the 1950s and 1960s, attending college in the United States, especially public colleges, was significantly less expensive than it is today. Tuition fees at public colleges were either minimal or nonexistent in many cases. Here’s why:
1. Government Funding
- During this period, there was heavy investment in higher education from federal and state governments. This included programs like the GI Bill after World War II, which covered tuition and living expenses for millions of veterans, further increasing access to education.
- States heavily subsidized their public colleges, which kept tuition low or eliminated it entirely. In states like California, the California Master Plan for Higher Education (1960) made tuition free at state colleges and universities for in-state residents.
2. Post-War Economic Boom
- The U.S. experienced significant economic growth after World War II, leading to increased tax revenue and public investment in infrastructure, including education.
- Education was seen as a public good essential for national development, leading to policies that kept costs low.
3. Smaller Student Loan Industry
- The federal student loan program was relatively new (launched in the 1950s), and loans were not the primary way students paid for college. Financial aid primarily came from grants, scholarships, and state funding.
Contrast with Today:
Over the years, as state funding for higher education has decreased and colleges have increasingly relied on tuition for revenue, the cost of attending college has skyrocketed. Adjusting for inflation, the average cost of tuition and fees has risen far beyond what it was in the mid-20th century.
So, while college wasn't always completely free, it was far more affordable and often close to free for many students, particularly at public institutions.