Toro
Diamond Member
We may all view those who traffic in conspiracy theories as harmless nutters with too much time on their hands, and most of them are. However, they foment paranoia and stoke hatred and ultimately violence by demonizing and scapegoating groups of people for the problems of the world.
A good primer on conspiracy theories today is a paper published by PublicEye entitled Toxic to Democracy, which you can download here.
http://www.publiceye.org/conspire/toxic2democracy/Tox2Dem-1.pdf
http://www.publiceye.org/conspire/toxic2democracy/Tox2Dem-2.pdf
PublicEye.org - Website of Political Research Associates
From the executive summary
http://www.publiceye.org/conspire/toxic2democracy/Tox2Dem-exec.pdf
And here is a good interview with the author.
Extremism, Conspiracy Theory And Murder : NPR
A good primer on conspiracy theories today is a paper published by PublicEye entitled Toxic to Democracy, which you can download here.
http://www.publiceye.org/conspire/toxic2democracy/Tox2Dem-1.pdf
http://www.publiceye.org/conspire/toxic2democracy/Tox2Dem-2.pdf
Demagogues and conspiracy theorists use the same four tools of fear, which Berlet identifies as 1) dualism; 2) scapegoating; 3) demonization; and 4) apocalyptic aggression. The basic dynamics remain the same no matter the ideological leanings of the demonizers or the identity of their targets. Meanwhile, our ability to resolve disputes through civic debate and compromise is hobbled. The study focuses on the history and dynamics of conspiracism, but argues that it is the combination of demagogic demonization and widespread conspiracy scapegoating that is so dangerous. In such circumstances, angry allegations can quickly turn into aggression and violence targeting scapegoated groups, writes Berlet. ...
Tracing the roots of conspiracism throughout U.S. and European history, Toxic to Democracy challenges it as a form of political analysis. Modern conspiracism is rooted in bigotry, especially antisemitism and racism. Conspiracy theories encourage demonization and scapegoating of blameless persons and groupsdistracting society and would-be agents of change away from the real causes of social and economic injustice. Its practiced by demagogues on the Right and on the Leftand both inside and outside the corridors of power.
PublicEye.org - Website of Political Research Associates
From the executive summary
While some theories reject overt bigotry, as in the main branch of the 9/11 Truth Movement, they fail to appreciate that the analytical model of conspiracy thinking normalizes the process of demonizing a scapegoated group. Once researchers embrace the conspiracist mindset in which a vast global conspiracy is effectively an analog of the allegations about conniving secret elites found in the Protocols, the step from a Secret Team to a Secret Jewish Team is a very small one. Even when conspiracist theories do not center on Jews, homosexuals, people of color, immigrants, or other scapegoated groups, they still create an environment where racism, antisemitism, Islamophobia, xenophobia, homophobia, and other forms of prejudice, bigotry, and oppression can flourish.
Conspiracism is neither a healthy expression of skepticism nor a valid form of criticism; rather it is a belief system that refuses to obey the rules of logic. These theories operate from a pre-existing premise of a conspiracy based upon careless collection of facts and flawed assumptions. What constitutes proof for a conspiracist is often more accurately described as circumstance, rumor, and hearsay; and the allegations often use the tools of feardualism, demonization, scapegoating, and aggressively apocalyptic storieswhich all too often are commandeered by demagogues.
http://www.publiceye.org/conspire/toxic2democracy/Tox2Dem-exec.pdf
And here is a good interview with the author.
Extremism, Conspiracy Theory And Murder : NPR