There are so many layers in the verses in the Bible, that Bibles are worn out putting them all together. There is every kind of figure of speech in the Bible that exists. To determine one from another is to find it's explanation in another part of the Bible.
Absolutely take much of it literally, because it was literally meant to be understood well enough to get the point across and for us to act accordingly. Take Proverbs literally. When it says don't do that, then don't do that.
Sometimes Jesus spoke in parables, but He didn't tell the listeners why He did. That's in another place in the Bible, when the disciples asked Him why so mysterious.
Matthew 13:10 The disciples came to him and asked, “Why do you speak to the people in parables?”
It was because those interested in understanding the truth of his message would understand while those not interested would remain without understanding. He had many disciples. That is one way He found them.
He gave them all ample reason to believe who He was, yet, there were those so hardhearted that He could work a miracle right in front of them and they would deny it and Him.
Those who heard Him and had a propensity toward God had ears to hear, and eyes to see and understood perfectly.
This is why I speak to them in parables:
“Though seeing, they do not see, though hearing, they do not hear or understand".
In them is fulfilled the prophecy of Isaiah:
‘You will be ever hearing but never understanding;
you will be ever seeing but never perceiving.
For this people’s heart has become calloused;
they hardly hear with their ears,
and they have closed their eyes.
Otherwise they might see with their eyes,
hear with their ears,
understand with their hearts
and turn, and I would heal them.
There are some here that rival Helen Keller...