Again, "articles" are never "peer reviewed" if we're speaking in context of "peer reviewed science." A research study or theory might be peer reviewed, but it simply doesn't matter anyway because how the brain physiologically causes people to have empathy, doesn't tell us what drives and motivates that characteristic. I'm asking you how a Waldorf salad is made and you're pointing at tree and saying, "APPLES!"
Not at all.
It shows that spirit land can be located in the brain. What drives it IS that part of the brain. It is a mechanism.
Nonsense. It shows no such thing. If your claim were true, we'd all be Stepford Wives. Instead, our consciences are very different. In this very thread you have people who believe their conscience is guided by their soul or spirit, while you don't believe that. You have certain people who's conscience would have no problem doing certain things while others could never bring themselves to do such things. It's not a "mechanism in the brain" controlling that, it's your soul or spirit.
Just like adrenalin can make you feel energized and endorphins can make you feel joy or tranquility. You don't then ask what exterior force causes that. They ARE the cause.
I've never been asking "what causes" anything. You keep misinterpreting that and I keep correcting you. I want to know what DRIVES that. What GUIDES it. I don't know how else to get that across to you, I've explained it numerous times, drew analogies, gave examples... did everything but break out the coloring books and play dough. I guess you're just not capable of understanding my question because you're still avoiding it.
"This capacity likely evolved because it served our ancestors survival in two ways. First, like every mammal, we need to be sensitive to the needs of our offspring. Second, our species depends on cooperation, which means that we do better if we are surrounded by healthy, capable group mates. Taking care of them is just a matter of enlightened self-interest."
This is called an "opinion" and it's not science but a philosophical belief. I disagree with it.
I think this capacity evolved because our conscience is driven by our spirit and soul, the intrinsic inspiration derived from something greater than self. You don't believe in souls, therefore, you believe (as I said before) this is guided by a self-established and totally unaccountable sense of personal morality... or as this quote puts it, "enlightened self-interest."
Now what does this all mean with regard to your capacity to love, have empathy, sympathy, apathy and compassion? It means your expressions of these things are rooted fundamentally in self-interest, while mine and those who have souls, are rooted in selfless obedience to a greater power.