In July 2024, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of Trump in a 6-3 decision, holding that a former president is entitled to at least presumptive, if not absolute, immunity from prosecution for all official acts. Chief Justice Roberts, writing for the majority, distinguished between three types of actions a president may take. First, there are actions taken as a part of his core constitutional authority, which derive from the Constitution and lie outside the scope of Congress or the courts. According to the Court’s majority, these merit absolute immunity. Second, there are official acts that are taken as part of his role as president, but that do not constitute core constitutional powers; these are given “presumptive” immunity.