Wrong war, right country. Ottoman Empire failed in 1917 for support of the Kaiser in Germany and became part of the Central Powers. The Ottoman Empire was weakening around this point anyway.
Palestine was created from the British Mandate of Palestine as a national home for the Jews. It covered all of Israel, Gaza, the West Bank and Jordan. The Arabs, who helped the Allies win World War 1 with the Arab Uprising against the Ottoman Empire, were promised a Great Empire to span the middle east. Something got lost in communication that Palestine would be for the Jews, though and as a gesture of good will, the League of Nations split Palestine in two. They created a country called Trans-Jordan (now known as Jordan) and gave the rest to the Jews in Palestine. Then they re-named Palestine back to Israel (Israel was conquered in the early first century by the Roman Empire and around 350, the Romans put down a 3rd and final Jewish revolt and re-named Israel to Syriana-Palestinia Provincia, which later got shortned to Palestinia, or land of Philistines who were a Medeteranian people that were killed off in numerous wars with Israel through the ages) and gave the West Bank, Jersualem to an Arab Palestine, and Gaza to Egypt. The Arabs declared war on Israel, they lost, and Israel gained land through war. Gaza was given to Egypt to control, the West Bank to Jordan and the Golan Heights to Syria. In 1967, Egypt, Jordan and Syria launched a surprise attack on Israel, which Israel repelled in 6 days and Israel gained the Gaza Strip, the West Bank and the Golan Heights. In 1973, Egypt launched an attack on Israel yet again and Israel won and got the Siani peninsula but gave it back to Egypt in exchange for peace. In 1967, when the Arabs were going to leave Gaza and the West Bank, an Israeli general begged them to stay to make peace with Israel. We did not ask them to stay in the Golan Heights.
The Arabs who live in Syria, Lebanon, Iraq, Yemen, Arabia, etc. are no different than the Arabs who live in the West Bank and Gaza. They claim that they are Palestinians, but there has never been, through history, an Arab Palestinian. When Israel fell under Islamic control in the late 700s, the Arab Muslims declared themselves protectors of Jews and Israel. For hundreds of years, relations between the Arab Muslims and Jews were as close as America and Israel or perhaps England and America... until the Crusades wiped out many Arabs.