How does convection or conduction stop CO2 from absorbing surface produced 15 micron radiation?
Who ever said that it stops it from absorbing anything? The fact that energy movement through the troposphere is so completely dominated by convection doesn't mean that CO2 can't absorb energy...it just means that the amount it radiates is so small as to be inconsequential...
Models of the radiative greenhouse effect assume that all the CO2 molecules in the atmosphere are busy absorbing IR and emitting IR...that simply is not true... About 1 in a million CO2 molecules actually emits the energy it absorbs....the rest lose that energy via a collision. Now take the amount of energy that the models assume CO2 to be radiating and reduce it so that rather than all of the CO2 molecules are radiating IR, only 1 in a billion are radiating IR...
How much IR does that leave CO2 to be radiating about the troposphere?
Water vapor overwhelms CO2 completely...you seem to think that CO2 is the only thing protecting us from being a snowball..