Georgian crisis to the global crisis .. polar international system of one-to multipolarity
yahia bouzidi Department of Political Science allocate international relations University of Gelali elyabes _ Algeria
Accelerated events after the Georgian crisis largely made from Russian President Medvedev, considered a turning point in the dynamics of the international system, likening it atheist tenth day of September, and its results were in favor of Russia as fully able to impose its viewpoint and will the United States of America, Europe and recognized regions, Abkhazia and South Ossetia as two
Many political analysts went to Russia's inability to withstand some of America's broken the balance of power in various fields since the budget is almost equal to Russia's financial budget for California alone, in addition to the European countries to stand by Georgia and the assistance that came from the Europeans and the Americans and the agreement between Poland and America All these factors made them say this, but important aspect which has escaped the other is the geo-political dimension of the crisis was the conflict in the territory of Russia is a red line for the national security of Russia was no option other than this confrontation on the other hand, Russia has the destructive power can not be American European countries not to engage in military confrontation with them could lead to the destruction of both parties, regardless of the special interests and that the United States and Europe in the end the crisis did not constitute a threat to its existence, while is also for Russia of course, many factors in addition to the geo-political dimension of the crisis prompted Russia to Taking those steps may decline notably the United States and its causes are multiple and interrelated, including most notably pointed out by Dr. Walid Abdel-Hai in his book the study of international relations in the future as to say: The gap between the growing reach of American interests and the ability to protect why it accompanied the evolution of all known Trameia empires within its borders and interests to the extent that it has to protect these borders or interests is a burden made the first session of imperial decline
If we look at the American Empire, we will find that this is based on the difference between sprawl and the ability to protect Bdilalh delivered to the United States has inherited the old colonial empires State, then expand the scope of their interests it is much difficult to control these interests within the political and economic peaks and only those expenditures that Reflected in the American war on Afghanistan and Iraq, a report prepared by a U.S. oversight committee in Congress that the cost of the so-called war on terrorism in Iraq and Afghanistan could reach 2.4 trillion dollars for the next ten years, indicating a high price for this war and the possibility to continue for another decade Of time.
The report estimated that the bulk of those funds earmarked to keep the 75 thousand troops in their positions around the world during the period between 2013 and 2017
Said Peter Oorzag, President of the budget in the United States Congress during testimony before a parliamentary budget committee that the sum also includes the expected benefits, as the U.S. deficit and Washington's recent push to finance the wars through borrowing on a large scale.
Oorzag pointed out that the $ 2.4 trillion dollars does not include the regular annual budget of the Ministry of Defense, amounting to 450 million dollars,
In addition to these costs, the U.S. vital interests in every region of the world and the interests wherever there are challenges to those interests and challenges lie in the emerging regional forces or returning from a new geopolitical terms, those areas fall within the framework Aliqlami This is reflected in the crisis with Georgia Together all analysts that the crisis has international dimensions can not be confined to the air it was requested more than that they mean the Caucasus and oil wealth there and the steps taken by the United States to ensure their interests are and try to deploy a missile defense system is a real danger to national security, the Russian boys noticed how Their response was decisive and Moscow finally succeeded in imposing their vision and upon Europe and America in particular the European position on the one hand, which has significant economic interests with Russia on the other hand the Iraq war revealed the weakness of American power and after the financial crisis that hit the U.S. financial system and raised moved to Europe and the world Europe has made the entire re-audited and found itself after the beginning of any confrontation between Russia and America rather than America is protected by Russia, which warned by the European researchers Strategists in the sixties on the issue of tactical nuclear weapons or nuclear war has been limited basic fears that if there is a crisis May not be true the United States is ready to defend the Europe of nuclear weapons at a time is another concern that the United States used nuclear weapons already, however, does not appear to indicate the first instance to understand the contradictory position they want to be convinced Soviet leaders (now Russia) in the And during the first crisis center _ _ an attack with conventional weapons has been offset by a nuclear strike early, but if there is already conventional weapons attack, the Europeans were not in favor of nuclear retaliation in any form is not convinced that a limited nuclear response will be swift and creating a sense of the parties without damage or destruction caused by few Nuclear Weapons In other words, the Europeans prefer the heavy reliance on deterrence so there is no war at all and in the Georgian crisis has been evident for the European hardening of the Russian position
We should also recall here the United States single-handedly almost total economic privileges in Iraq and deprive the Europeans in particular France and Germany to dismiss the two companies may weakness in networks of the United States of America at the international level is that the military allies are the most economic rivals which creates a kind of Continued confusion obligation to protect allies strengthen their ability in the field of economic competition and abandonment have consequences strategy which has made great United States of America preferred as the obligation to protect both tracks costly for them
Another reason has had a significant impact on the credibility of the United States internally and with the international community is how the use of force is not particularly ethical aspects of the use of weapons which had been refusing to George Kennan, who was ambassador to the United States of America in the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia concept of international relations, which lead state Specific targets as their moral goals, while their opponents are immoral, declaring war on behalf of high moral principles be the end of a form of complete domination, hence the involvement of ethical principles leading to the pursuit of the goals has no limits and the imposition of unconditional surrender to the State retreating. . Etc..
In short, and work for ethical principles is not consistent with the work on specific targets mainly foreign policy
This is exactly what happened in the Suez war in 1956 between France and Britain on the one hand and Egypt on the other fought with the French and British, without any cover legal and ethical and what is happening in Iraq, which the United States of America declared war without the approval of the United Nations and with the objection of many countries and even The war on Afghanistan, which was unanimous international practices of America and the NATO bombing of civilian targets and the issue of prison Guanta Namu and the Abu Ghraib scandal and the destruction of Iraq and Afghanistan without any goal of making the international community in general criticize the United States and the grass-roots level, any country visited by President George Bush, Jr. Outside the demonstrations condemning the American administration and its foreign policy to push the United States for example, to develop a body to improve America's image in the Arab world, failing in this task and on the internal level, the popularity of President Bush's constant go and some opinion polls, she said that the worst U.S. president and the Iraq issue has an impact Major campaign-owned Democrats to the Sheikh and recruitment for the Iraq war campaign is proof of that.
We also refer to European calls for dialogue with the Taliban and recognized by many military commanders there is impossible to eliminate the movement and on the contrary, they recognize the growing strength and popularity and expand areas of influence because of the (mistakes in the killing of civilians) what it considered the United States's defeatist all these signs of declining role U.S. and the demise of the polar unilateralism.
Comes to the financial crisis and eliminate the remaining manifestations of power and hegemony of America and is the economic and financial system took place in the U.S. After the U.S. stock market spilled over to include all over the world, where stock markets suffered record time in the multibillion-dollar losses prompted many countries to review it from the dollar
The French and Russian demands at the Evian policy review of the international economic system and financial terms of scientific Russian President criticized the United States and attributed what is happening on that as a result of the policy of NATO and the dominance of the one which he described as inappropriate unable to resolve the international crisis, which is the same that went to President France, where French president Nicolas Sarkozy proposed a summit of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe before the end of 2009 to discuss the proposals on the future vision of a new European security. Medvedev stressed in his speech that all economic problems with the current global character and that Russia proposes to solve structural change in the global financial system, and review the current role of financial institutions and the establishment of new ones designed to ensure economic stability in the world.
He can not ensure the stability of the global economy efforts of the Group of Eight, asserting the need to involve countries with large economies such as China in this task, India, Brazil, Mexico and the Republic of South Africa.
These and other data confirm what we went from the outset that the Georgian crisis and the global financial crisis were a turning point in the course of the global dynamics of the Arctic polar unilateralism to multilateralism
It should be noted that in the recent calls for an international conference outside the framework of the United Nations and the marginalization of their role in this crisis suggestion that the role of the United Nations and the justification for the loss of their presence and this is not a new phenomenon but was with the invention of nuclear weapons and their proliferation between the forces of the two camps in the past when Dr. Walid Abdel - Live in his book the impact of technology on international relations that create what might be called peace of nuclear terror that is Almikanezm technological robbed the United Nations Peace raison d'être, which was based between the two is the result of the balance of terror is not the product of commitment and United Nations charters, the negative directions of the major powers to the United Nations Perhaps most notably by the United States invaded Iraq without obtaining approval from the United Nations and Russia do not resort to resolve the crisis in the Georgian and the pressure exerted by the United States and the politicization of humanitarian assistance carried out under the cover and intervention in crisis and only marginal impact clear to the major powers are signs of wavering on this The future and resolve their differences outside of the poles holding of conferences and treaties
yahia bouzidi Department of Political Science allocate international relations University of Gelali elyabes _ Algeria
Accelerated events after the Georgian crisis largely made from Russian President Medvedev, considered a turning point in the dynamics of the international system, likening it atheist tenth day of September, and its results were in favor of Russia as fully able to impose its viewpoint and will the United States of America, Europe and recognized regions, Abkhazia and South Ossetia as two
Many political analysts went to Russia's inability to withstand some of America's broken the balance of power in various fields since the budget is almost equal to Russia's financial budget for California alone, in addition to the European countries to stand by Georgia and the assistance that came from the Europeans and the Americans and the agreement between Poland and America All these factors made them say this, but important aspect which has escaped the other is the geo-political dimension of the crisis was the conflict in the territory of Russia is a red line for the national security of Russia was no option other than this confrontation on the other hand, Russia has the destructive power can not be American European countries not to engage in military confrontation with them could lead to the destruction of both parties, regardless of the special interests and that the United States and Europe in the end the crisis did not constitute a threat to its existence, while is also for Russia of course, many factors in addition to the geo-political dimension of the crisis prompted Russia to Taking those steps may decline notably the United States and its causes are multiple and interrelated, including most notably pointed out by Dr. Walid Abdel-Hai in his book the study of international relations in the future as to say: The gap between the growing reach of American interests and the ability to protect why it accompanied the evolution of all known Trameia empires within its borders and interests to the extent that it has to protect these borders or interests is a burden made the first session of imperial decline
If we look at the American Empire, we will find that this is based on the difference between sprawl and the ability to protect Bdilalh delivered to the United States has inherited the old colonial empires State, then expand the scope of their interests it is much difficult to control these interests within the political and economic peaks and only those expenditures that Reflected in the American war on Afghanistan and Iraq, a report prepared by a U.S. oversight committee in Congress that the cost of the so-called war on terrorism in Iraq and Afghanistan could reach 2.4 trillion dollars for the next ten years, indicating a high price for this war and the possibility to continue for another decade Of time.
The report estimated that the bulk of those funds earmarked to keep the 75 thousand troops in their positions around the world during the period between 2013 and 2017
Said Peter Oorzag, President of the budget in the United States Congress during testimony before a parliamentary budget committee that the sum also includes the expected benefits, as the U.S. deficit and Washington's recent push to finance the wars through borrowing on a large scale.
Oorzag pointed out that the $ 2.4 trillion dollars does not include the regular annual budget of the Ministry of Defense, amounting to 450 million dollars,
In addition to these costs, the U.S. vital interests in every region of the world and the interests wherever there are challenges to those interests and challenges lie in the emerging regional forces or returning from a new geopolitical terms, those areas fall within the framework Aliqlami This is reflected in the crisis with Georgia Together all analysts that the crisis has international dimensions can not be confined to the air it was requested more than that they mean the Caucasus and oil wealth there and the steps taken by the United States to ensure their interests are and try to deploy a missile defense system is a real danger to national security, the Russian boys noticed how Their response was decisive and Moscow finally succeeded in imposing their vision and upon Europe and America in particular the European position on the one hand, which has significant economic interests with Russia on the other hand the Iraq war revealed the weakness of American power and after the financial crisis that hit the U.S. financial system and raised moved to Europe and the world Europe has made the entire re-audited and found itself after the beginning of any confrontation between Russia and America rather than America is protected by Russia, which warned by the European researchers Strategists in the sixties on the issue of tactical nuclear weapons or nuclear war has been limited basic fears that if there is a crisis May not be true the United States is ready to defend the Europe of nuclear weapons at a time is another concern that the United States used nuclear weapons already, however, does not appear to indicate the first instance to understand the contradictory position they want to be convinced Soviet leaders (now Russia) in the And during the first crisis center _ _ an attack with conventional weapons has been offset by a nuclear strike early, but if there is already conventional weapons attack, the Europeans were not in favor of nuclear retaliation in any form is not convinced that a limited nuclear response will be swift and creating a sense of the parties without damage or destruction caused by few Nuclear Weapons In other words, the Europeans prefer the heavy reliance on deterrence so there is no war at all and in the Georgian crisis has been evident for the European hardening of the Russian position
We should also recall here the United States single-handedly almost total economic privileges in Iraq and deprive the Europeans in particular France and Germany to dismiss the two companies may weakness in networks of the United States of America at the international level is that the military allies are the most economic rivals which creates a kind of Continued confusion obligation to protect allies strengthen their ability in the field of economic competition and abandonment have consequences strategy which has made great United States of America preferred as the obligation to protect both tracks costly for them
Another reason has had a significant impact on the credibility of the United States internally and with the international community is how the use of force is not particularly ethical aspects of the use of weapons which had been refusing to George Kennan, who was ambassador to the United States of America in the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia concept of international relations, which lead state Specific targets as their moral goals, while their opponents are immoral, declaring war on behalf of high moral principles be the end of a form of complete domination, hence the involvement of ethical principles leading to the pursuit of the goals has no limits and the imposition of unconditional surrender to the State retreating. . Etc..
In short, and work for ethical principles is not consistent with the work on specific targets mainly foreign policy
This is exactly what happened in the Suez war in 1956 between France and Britain on the one hand and Egypt on the other fought with the French and British, without any cover legal and ethical and what is happening in Iraq, which the United States of America declared war without the approval of the United Nations and with the objection of many countries and even The war on Afghanistan, which was unanimous international practices of America and the NATO bombing of civilian targets and the issue of prison Guanta Namu and the Abu Ghraib scandal and the destruction of Iraq and Afghanistan without any goal of making the international community in general criticize the United States and the grass-roots level, any country visited by President George Bush, Jr. Outside the demonstrations condemning the American administration and its foreign policy to push the United States for example, to develop a body to improve America's image in the Arab world, failing in this task and on the internal level, the popularity of President Bush's constant go and some opinion polls, she said that the worst U.S. president and the Iraq issue has an impact Major campaign-owned Democrats to the Sheikh and recruitment for the Iraq war campaign is proof of that.
We also refer to European calls for dialogue with the Taliban and recognized by many military commanders there is impossible to eliminate the movement and on the contrary, they recognize the growing strength and popularity and expand areas of influence because of the (mistakes in the killing of civilians) what it considered the United States's defeatist all these signs of declining role U.S. and the demise of the polar unilateralism.
Comes to the financial crisis and eliminate the remaining manifestations of power and hegemony of America and is the economic and financial system took place in the U.S. After the U.S. stock market spilled over to include all over the world, where stock markets suffered record time in the multibillion-dollar losses prompted many countries to review it from the dollar
The French and Russian demands at the Evian policy review of the international economic system and financial terms of scientific Russian President criticized the United States and attributed what is happening on that as a result of the policy of NATO and the dominance of the one which he described as inappropriate unable to resolve the international crisis, which is the same that went to President France, where French president Nicolas Sarkozy proposed a summit of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe before the end of 2009 to discuss the proposals on the future vision of a new European security. Medvedev stressed in his speech that all economic problems with the current global character and that Russia proposes to solve structural change in the global financial system, and review the current role of financial institutions and the establishment of new ones designed to ensure economic stability in the world.
He can not ensure the stability of the global economy efforts of the Group of Eight, asserting the need to involve countries with large economies such as China in this task, India, Brazil, Mexico and the Republic of South Africa.
These and other data confirm what we went from the outset that the Georgian crisis and the global financial crisis were a turning point in the course of the global dynamics of the Arctic polar unilateralism to multilateralism
It should be noted that in the recent calls for an international conference outside the framework of the United Nations and the marginalization of their role in this crisis suggestion that the role of the United Nations and the justification for the loss of their presence and this is not a new phenomenon but was with the invention of nuclear weapons and their proliferation between the forces of the two camps in the past when Dr. Walid Abdel - Live in his book the impact of technology on international relations that create what might be called peace of nuclear terror that is Almikanezm technological robbed the United Nations Peace raison d'être, which was based between the two is the result of the balance of terror is not the product of commitment and United Nations charters, the negative directions of the major powers to the United Nations Perhaps most notably by the United States invaded Iraq without obtaining approval from the United Nations and Russia do not resort to resolve the crisis in the Georgian and the pressure exerted by the United States and the politicization of humanitarian assistance carried out under the cover and intervention in crisis and only marginal impact clear to the major powers are signs of wavering on this The future and resolve their differences outside of the poles holding of conferences and treaties
