A "right" is something that you have naturally. You have a right to your life, your liberty, your property, and your personal pursuit of happiness. The word "right" is thrown around too loosely in politics. If you believe you have a right to something then look at the situation deeper. Does your supposed "right" require the government's force to back it up? Does your "right" require the government to take from one person through taxation to supply you with your "right?" If the answer is yes then your "right" is clearly not a right at all because it violates somebody else's right to their own property. You cannot have a right to something that violates somebody else's rights.
That is a valid question. I think it is well summarized in the document you paraphrased. The greatest right is the right to liberty, which, defined, constitutes the right to choose. Rights are not to be granted by government, rather protected.
On the other hand, in protecting said rights some restrictions must be put in place. I lose the right to choose to kill, for example, in exchange for protection against murderers (thus preserving my life and my ability to continue making choices).
As Americans, we could be more careful in our discussions of rights. Too often, we call entitlements our "rights". Not so. They may be valuable all the same, but we often confuse the two.