Sexes or genders? Do you know the difference?
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SEX =
1. The biologic character or quality that distinguishes male and female from one another as expressed by analysis of the person's gonadal, morphologic (internal and external), chromosomal, and hormonal characteristics. Compare:
gender.
...
Definition of Biological sex in the Medical Dictionary by The Free Dictionary
medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com
...
GENDER =
Gender is the range of characteristics pertaining to, and differentiating between,
femininity and
masculinity. Depending on the context, these characteristics may include biological
sex, sex-based
social structures (i.e.,
gender roles), or
gender identity.
[1][2][3] Most cultures use a
gender binary, having two genders (
boys/
men and
girls/
women);
[4] those who exist outside these groups fall under the umbrella term
non-binary or genderqueer. Some societies have specific genders besides "man" and "woman", such as the
hijras of
South Asia; these are often referred to as
third genders (and
fourth genders, etc.).
Sexologist John Money introduced the terminological distinction between
biological sex and gender as a role in 1955. Before his work, it was uncommon to use the word
gender to refer to anything but
grammatical categories.
[1][2] However, Money's meaning of the word did not become widespread until the 1970s, when
feminist theory embraced the concept of a distinction between biological sex and the
social construct of gender. Today, the distinction is followed in some contexts, especially the social sciences
[5][6] and documents written by the
World Health Organization (WHO).
[3]
In other contexts, including some areas of the social sciences,
gender includes
sex or replaces it.
[1][2] For instance, in non-human animal research,
gender is commonly used to refer to the biological sex of the animals.
[2] This
change in the meaning of gender can be traced to the 1980s. In 1993, the US
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) started to use
gender instead of
sex.
[7] Later, in 2011, the FDA reversed its position and began using
sex as the biological classification and
gender as "a person's self representation as male or female, or how that person is responded to by social institutions based on the individual's gender presentation."
[8]
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en.wikipedia.org