I would like for you (or anyone else) to explain why "fairness" is defined as a "percentage of someone's income" (your view) - rather than a fixed amount (my view).
This makes me wonder if you (or others) even know what it means to "tax" someone or something.
To "tax" someone or something is to place a burden, strain, or heavy demand on it. It's discouraging to anything (anyone) who is burdened with that tax.
So "taxing the rich" not only forces the rich to raise their prices for their goods and services (to cover their tax burden), which results in an effective tax on the consumers of those goods and services. . . The taxes also discourage businesses and growth in the process.
You just answered your own question.
Let's say the federal budget is $7 Trillion ($7,000,000,000,000) and the population is 330,000,000 people. That's $21,212.12 for every man, woman and child.
The idea is that everyone in the population is taxed equally. That's a little over $21K per person.
#1 Example: A person make an income of $1,000,000. Their tax is 2% of income.
#2 Example: A person makes $100,000. Their tax is 21.2% of income with $79K remaining.
#3 Example: A person make $25,000. Their tax is $84.8 of income with $4K remaining.
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Using your definition of "...a burden, strain, or heavy demand..." who has a higher burden placed on their ability to function in sociaty. Who will find it a burden, strain, or heavy demand to supply the basics of Maslow's Hierarchy (food and shelter).
Oh, and the above assumes that all 330,000,000 people CAN work so exclude children, the elderly, the disabled, etc. The numbers are even worse.
If you want to assign the same amount (instead of percentage) as the "tax" on each person, give it a go. It ain't passing though.
And that's just the federal budget. Figure in State taxes which also tend to be percentage based and fixed taxes (property tax, sales tax, embedded taxes, etc. which are an ADDITIONAL tax burden and tend to be regressive and impact lower in middle income classes more than "the rich" exspecially when you look at total tax buren as a percentage of income.
This is just an example of concept of why we have a percentage based system instead of a fixed shared system. So don’t nit pick the numbers.
What would you suggest to replace a percentage system?
WW