RodISHI
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- Nov 29, 2008
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"Roundup Ready" for what? Who is rounding up the a cash cow at the expense of everyone's health and land? I spent the day searching through each and every ingredient, piece of information, reports and studies today on Glyphosate (there is a new name for it comin out as it morphs into a different but the same product). I'm not a scientist but it really does not seem that hard to understand that gold cyanide left overs and all the other made up blended in ingredients just are not healthy for animal or people. And did you know that agribiz can file for an exception to go over the limits on pesticides, herbicides and fungicides in your veggies, grain products, meat, eggs and milk products? I realized that big chemical companies, industrial companies and sewage facilities did this sometimes but I had no idea that EPA would grant leniency on stuff that actually grows into the food.
Glyphosate products were a big deal when Starlink corn came out until people started learning that the corn caused all types of health problems including cancer and birth defects.
Glyphosate products were a big deal when Starlink corn came out until people started learning that the corn caused all types of health problems including cancer and birth defects.
Glyphosate (N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine) is a broad-spectrum systemic herbicide used to kill weeds, especially perennials. "Toxicity to humans, including carcinogenicity, reproductive and developmental toxicity, neurotoxicity, and acute toxicity."
United States Patent 3927080
Filing Date: 09/03/1974 Monsanto Company (St. Louis, MO) - 1975 N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine is produced by the acid hydrolysis of ... N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine is useful as a post-emergent broad spectrum herbicide.
United States Patent 3954848
Assignee: Monsanto Company (St. Louis, MO) JE Franz - 05/31/1972 - N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine is produced by the acid hydrolysis of ... N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine is useful as a post-emergent broadspectrum herbicide .
Chemical Name:N-(Carboxymethyl)-N-(phosphonomethyl)-glycine
N-(Carboxymethyl)-N-(phosphonomethyl)-glycine Structure
Raw materials IMINODIACETIC ACID DISODIUM SALT HYDRATE (Disodium, Hydrate)
IMINODIACETIC ACID DISODIUM SALT HYDRATE Structure
Preparation Products Iminodiaceticacid-->N-(Carboxymethyl)-N-(phosphonomethyl)-glycine
U. S. Production :
(1972) PROBABLY GREATER THAN 4.54X10+5 GRAMS
Iminodiaceticacid is identified as probable, possible or confirmed human carcinogen by IARC.
EPA Substance Registry System:
Glycine, N-(carboxymethyl)-N-(phosphonomethyl)- (5994-61-6)
Raw materials
IMINODIACETIC ACID DISODIUM SALT HYDRATE Diethylamine hydrochloride Preparation Products Glyphosate
Glyphosate Structure
Glyphosate
Glyphosate Preparation Products And Raw materials Raw materials
Ammonium hydroxide Chloroacetic acid Hydrogen peroxide METHYLAMINE Formaldehyde Paraformaldehyde Glycine Triethylamine 2,2'-Iminodiethanol Phosphorus trichloride Phosphorous acid Trimethyl phosphite N-(Carboxymethyl)-N-(phosphonomethyl)-glycine HYDROGEN CYANIDE Hydrochloric acid 3-Amino-4-chlorobenzenesulfonic acid Methanol Sodium hydroxide METHYLPHOSPHONIC ACID Iminodiacetic acid Hexamethylenetetramine SURFACTANT Dimethyl phosphonate Sulfuric acid Calcium hydroxide Ammonia
Glyphosate also known as AURORA KA-2968
Ammonium hydroxide Chemical Properties
Health HazardTOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.
Ammonium hydroxide Preparation Products And Raw materials Raw materials
Sodium chloride Hydrochloric acid MethanolSodium hydroxide Ammonia
Preparation Products__ cytochrome C, solution Neomycin sulfate, 2-Amino-3,6,8-naphthalenetrisulfonic acid, N,1,3-Trimethyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide , 97% Ferric ammonium oxalate, 2-ANTHRACENECARBOXYLIC ACID, (1-METHYL-1H-BENZIMIDAZOL-2-YL)METHYLAMINE, 1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide, ammonium salt, 2-AMINO-3-PYRIDINECARBOXALDEHYDE HCL, 2,4-Dimethylimidazole, 2,6-DIMETHYL-3-HYDROXYPYRIDINE, FOSAMINE AMMONIUM, Glufosinate-ammonium Ethyl, 3-amino-4,4,4-trifluorocrotonate, aluminium oxide sol, Methocarbamol, 6-Chloropyridazin-3-amine Hydrofining catalyst FH-5, adhesive for electrostatic flocking EX-1, N,1,5-Trimethyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide ,97%, Isepamicine, 2,4-Dichlorobenzonitrile, Doxycycline monohydrate, 4-Nitrobenzenesulfonamide, 2-CHLORO-6-METHYLPYRIMIDIN-4-AMINE, polyalumium sulfate chloride, (6-BROMO-2-PYRIDINYL)-CARBAMIC ACID,1,1-DIMETHYLETHYL ESTER, 1,3-DIMETHYL-1H-PYRAZOLE-5-CARBOXAMIDE, DL-Cystine, 2,4,5-TRIMETHYL-3-OXAZOLINE, L-GLUTAMIC ACID, MONOAMMONIUM SALT, AMMONIUM PHOSPHOMOLYBDATE, synthetic thickener KG-201, Direct Blue 199, Potassium gold(III) cyanide, emulsifier SOPE-15, L(-)-Epinephrine 1,5-Dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide ,97%, 5-methylquinolin-8-ol, 2-Amino-6-bromonaphthalene
+N- +phosphonomethyl
Advances in Phytoremediation
Advances in Phytoremediation, hazardous wastes, hazardous wastes remediation, organic chemicals, phytoremediation, phytotoxicity, plants, plant metabolism, Advances in Phytoremediation, Annette C. Dietz and Jerald L. ...
Advances in Phytoremediation dietz-full.html- 68.5KB
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Cancer Incidence among Glyphosate-Exposed Pesticide Applicators in the Agricultural Health ..
... financial interests. Received 21 June 2004 ; accepted 3 November 2004. Introduction Glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine], commonly sold in the commercial formulation named Roundup (Monsanto Company, St. Louis, MO), ...
http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/members/2004/7340/7340.html- 69.6KB
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Roundup Inhibits Steroidogenesis by Disrupting Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory (StAR) ..
Roundup Inhibits Steroidogenesis by Disrupting Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory (StAR) Protein Expression, chemical mixtures, cytochrome P450 side chain cleavage, environmental endocrine disruptor, 3ß-hydroxysteroid ...
http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/members/2000/108p769-776walsh/walsh-full.html- 83.6KB
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Differential Effects of Glyphosate and Roundup on Human Placental Cells and Aromatase
... well-characterized mammalian model (Auvray et al. 1998). Materials and Methods Chemicals.N-(Phosphonomethyl)glycine (glyphosate) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Saint Quentin Fallavier, France), and the pesticide Roundup ...
http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/members/2005/7728/7728.html- 68.1KB
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Glyphosate Biomonitoring for Farmers and Their Families: Results from the Farm Family ..
... financial interests. Received 12 August 2003 ; accepted 3 December 2003. Introduction Glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] is the active ingredient in the Roundup (Monsanto Company, St. Louis, MO) brand of agricultural ...
http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/members/2003/6667/6667.html- 62.7KB
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"The brain is particularly vulnerable to hypoxia, and exposure to toxins that interfere with the intake, transport and utilization of oxygen provoke rapid and major neuronal damage. Compounds crossing the blood-brain barrier may induce both general and extremely localized neurotoxic effects."
(Kyvik KR, Morn BE, 1995. Environmental poisons and the nervous system. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 1995. June 10; 115(15):1834-8.)
According to both the EPA and the World Health Organization in 1993 and 1994, glyphosate appears to mimic adrenaline. This would explain the sleeping problems encountered by many persons exposed to RoundUp, as for them, cortisol appears to no longer be properly regulated by their bodies' adrenal glands.
(US EPA, 1993. EPA Reregistration Eligibility Document, Glyphosate, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C., September 1993.)
(IPCS, 1994. Environmental health criteria 159: Glyphosate. International Programme of Chemical Safety, World Health Organization, Geneva.)
Reported by Marie Trigona | July 13, 2009
A study released by Dr. Andres Carrasco earlier this year reports that glyphosate causes birth defects. Argentina has seen an explosion in genetically modified (GM) soy bean production with soy exports topping $16.5 billion in 2008. The fertile South American nation is now the world's third largest producer of soy, trailing behind the United States and Brazil. However, this lucrative industrial form of farming has come under fire with environmental groups, local residents, and traditional farmers reporting that GM soy threatens biodiversity, the nation's ability to feed itself, and health in rural communities.
Criticism of the soy farming model intensified recently when research released by Argentina's top medical school showed that a leading chemical used in soy farming may be harmful to human health. The study has alarmed policy makers in the South American nation.
A study released by an Argentine scientist earlier this year reports that glyphosate, patented by Monsanto under the name "Round Up," causes birth defects when applied in doses much lower than what is commonly used in soy fields. The study was directed by a leading embryologist, Dr. Andres Carrasco, a professor and researcher at the University of Buenos Aires. In his office in the nation's top medical school, Dr. Carrasco shows me the results of the study, pulling out photos of birth defects in the embryos of frog amphibians exposed to glyphosate. The frog embryos grown in petri dishes in the photos looked like something from a futuristic horror film, creatures with visible defectsone eye the size of the head, spinal cord deformations, and kidneys that are not fully developed. Story Continued at Americas Program, Center for International Policy (CIP).
Roundup is not water soluble.
Other studies show that Glyphosate and commercial herbicides containing Glyphosate cause a range of cell mutations and damage to cell DNA. These types of changes are usually regarded as precursors to cancer and birth defects.
Studies show that the commercial products, such as Round Up, can be three times more toxic than pure glyphosate. In California, where there is a mandatory system of reporting pesticide poisoning, Glyphosate is the third most common cause of pesticide illness in farm workers. It is the most common form of reported pesticide poisoning in landscape gardeners.
Two separate studies in Sweden have linked exposure to Glyphosate to Hairy Cell Leukemia and non-Hodgkins lymphoma. These types of cancers were extremely rare, however non-Hodgkins lymphoma is the most rapidly increasing cancer in the Western world. It has risen by 73% in the USA since 1973. Another study has found a higher incidence of Parkinson disease amongst farmers who used herbicides, including Glyphosate.
Residues of glyphosate have been found in a variety of fruits and vegetables. This is because it readily moves into all parts of a plant. As it is inside the plant tissues, it cannot be washed off.
Residues can be detected long after glyphosate treatments have been made. One study showed that lettuces contained residues five months after the field was treated with glyphosate. The disturbing thing about this research is that the lettuce seedlings were planted four months after the field was sprayed for weeds. The seedlings absorbed the glyphosate from the soil residues. World Health Organization study revealed significant Glyphosate residues in wheat after harvest. Milling did not remove the Glyphosate, as it moves into the plant and the wheat seed. The study showed that cooking does not break down Glyphosate.
Environmental Effects
Glyphosate is very toxic to fish and other aquatic organisms. Concentrations as low as 10 parts per million can kill fish. Daphnia, a very important part of the aquatic food chain, especially for fish, can be killed by as little as three parts per million. This is an important reason why it should not be used near waterways or in drains.
Glyphosate is extremely toxic to the soil life. One application can cause a dramatic plunge in the number of beneficial soil microorganisms and arthropods. Studies show a reduction in the species that build humus, thus it contributes to the decline in soil organic matter. Currently Canada and other nations are suffering the effects of former GMO crops.
Glyphosate significantly reduces the activity of nitrogen-fixing bacteria. These bacteria transform soil nitrogen into forms that plants can use. Studies of Soybeans grown for nitrogen fixation showed a reduction in the number of rhizobium bacteria and the nitrogen they produce when Glyphosate was used for weed control.
Other studies show that Glyphosate herbicides increase the susceptibility of plants to diseases. This is partly because it reduces the growth of mycorrhizal fungi and other beneficial fungi that help plants absorb nutrients and help fight disease. However, plants suffer more disease, as there is an increase in the soil pathogens and a decrease beneficial species that control diseases after an application Glyphosate.
Glyphosate exposure damages or reduces the populations of earthworms. A New Zealand study showed that 5% of the usual application rate caused delayed development and increased death in earthworms.
Glyphosate reduces populations of small mammals and birds by damaging the vegetation that provides food and shelter for these animals.
The populations of all of these living organisms can take years to recover due to Glyphosates persistence in the soil.
The dangers of the herbicides known as Ammo, Ambush and Cyclone, Dual, Roundup, Cotoran, and Banvil were well known in prior to 2000 and long before that. Not one of our bureaucrats or legislators has stopped this tragedy in the United States, not one. For the love of money all have turned a blind eye to the dangers these products would have on people, animals and nature. Even today no one that has the power within our government to stand up and say enough has done it. One billion tons plus a year of these dangerous chemicals and several times the amount their inert ingredients have been dumped onto this nation. We have dead people, dead animals, injured people and injured animals plus a dead zone growing daily in the Gulf.
Differential Effects of Glyphosate and Roundup on Human Placental Cells and Aromatase
Sophie Richard, Safa Moslemi, Herbert Sipahutar, Nora Benachour, and Gilles-Eric Seralini
Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moleculaire, USC-INCRA, Université de Caen, Caen, France
Abstract
Roundup is a glyphosate-based herbicide used worldwide, including on most genetically modified plants that have been designed to tolerate it. Its residues may thus enter the food chain, and glyphosate is found as a contaminant in rivers. Some agricultural workers using glyphosate have pregnancy problems, but its mechanism of action in mammals is questioned. Here we show that glyphosate is toxic to human placental JEG3 cells within 18 hr with concentrations lower than those found with agricultural use, and this effect increases with concentration and time or in the presence of Roundup adjuvants. Surprisingly, Roundup is always more toxic than its active ingredient. We tested the effects of glyphosate and Roundup at lower nontoxic concentrations on aromatase, the enzyme responsible for estrogen synthesis. The glyphosate-based herbicide disrupts aromatase activity and mRNA levels and interacts with the active site of the purified enzyme, but the effects of glyphosate are facilitated by the Roundup formulation in microsomes or in cell culture. We conclude that endocrine and toxic effects of Roundup, not just glyphosate, can be observed in mammals. We suggest that the presence of Roundup adjuvants enhances glyphosate bioavailability and/or bioaccumulation.
Roundup Revelation
Weed Killer Adjuvants May Boost Toxicity
Although the glyphosate-based herbicide Roundup is generally thought to be less toxic to the ecosystem than other pesticides, concerns about its effects on human reproduction persist. In a study in Ontario, Canada, exposure of male farmers to glyphosate-based herbicides was associated with an increase in miscarriage and premature birth in farm families. Seeking an explanation for these pregnancy-related problems, researchers at France's Université de Caen investigated the effects of the full Roundup formulation and glyphosate alone on cultured human placental cells [EHP 113:716-720]. The herbicide, they found, killed the cells at concentrations far below those used in agricultural practice. Surprisingly, they also found that Roundup was at least twice as toxic as glyphosate alone.
Virtually all previous testing of Roundup for long-term health damage has been done on glyphosate rather than on the full herbicide formulation, of which glyphosate makes up only around 40%. The remainder consists of inactive ingredients including adjuvants, chemicals that are added to improve the performance of the active ingredient. Roundup's main adjuvant is the surfactant polyethoxylated tallowamine, which helps glyphosate penetrate plant cells.
The Roundup concentration recommended for agricultural use is 1-2% in water. The authors incubated placental cells with various concentrations of Roundup (up to 2.0%) or equivalent concentrations of glyphosate. The viability of the cells was measured after 18, 24, and 48 hours. No one is sure how Roundup interferes with reproduction, so the team also tested whether it, like other pesticides, would disrupt the activity of aromatase (an enzyme that regulates estrogen synthesis) in placental cells. Aromatase activity was measured after 1 hour and 18 hours.
The researchers found that a 2.0% concentration of Roundup and an equivalent concentration of glyphosate killed 90% of the cultured cells after 18 hours' incubation. The median lethal dose for Roundup (0.7%) was nearly half that for glyphosate, meaning Roundup was nearly twice as toxic as the single chemical alone. Further, the viability of cells exposed to glyphosate was considerably reduced when even minute dilutions of Roundup were added.
After an hour's incubation with Roundup, estrogen synthesis in placental cells (as shown by aromatase activity) was enhanced by about 40%. After 18 hours, however, synthesis was inhibited, perhaps reflecting an effect on aromatase gene expression. This effect was not seen with glyphosate alone.
The study showed that the effect of Roundup on cell viability increased with time and was obtained with concentrations of the formulation 10 times lower than those recommended for agricultural use. Roundup also disrupted aromatase activity at concentrations 100 times lower than those used in agriculture. The researchers suspect that the adjuvants used in Roundup enhance the bioavailability and/or bioaccumulation of glyphosate.http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/docs/2005/113-6/ss.html
Recent reports demonstrate that many currently used pesticides have the capacity to disrupt reproductive function in animals.
Roundup Inhibits Steroidogenesis by Disrupting Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory (StAR) Protein Expression
http://etd.lib.ttu.edu/theses/available/etd-12212009-31295016596529/unrestricted/31295016596529.pdf
According to weed specialist Stanley Culpepper from the University of Georgia100,000 acres in Georgia are severely infested with pigweed and 29 counties have now confirmed resistance to glyphosate.