James Powell, MIT professor of geochemistry, former president of three different colleges and current executive director of the National Physical Science Consortium has conducted three different reviews of the scientific literature with regard to their support or rejection of anthropogenic global warming.
The first study found
99.828% of 13,950 papers did not reject AGW.
The second found
99.956% of 9,136 authors did not reject AGW
The third found
99.979% of 69,406 authors did not reject AGW
Powell found the combined consensus of all papers studied was
99.94%
If anyone here thinks there is an argument to be made that 54,195 published scientific articles whose conclusions support the validity of AGW, contained
no evidence with which to do so, they are lying to themselves (and us) in monumental proportions. Consensus, as Powell concludes, "nears universality".
**********************************************************************************************************************************************************
James L. Powell, a former member of the
National Science Board and current executive director of the
National Physical Science Consortium, analyzed published research on global warming and climate change between 1991 and 2012 and found that of the 13,950 articles in peer-reviewed journals, only 24 rejected anthropogenic global warming.
[1] A follow-up analysis looking at 2,258 peer-reviewed climate articles with 9,136 authors published between November 2012 and December 2013 revealed that only one of the 9,136 authors rejected anthropogenic global warming.
[2] His 2015 paper on the topic, covering 24,210 articles published by 69,406 authors during 2013 and 2014 found only five articles by four authors rejecting anthropogenic global warming. Over 99.99% of climate scientists did not reject AGW in their peer-reviewed research.
[3]
In his latest paper, Powell reported that using rejection as the criterion of consensus, five surveys of the peer-reviewed literature from 1991 to 2015, including several of those above, combine to 54,195 articles with an average consensus of 99.94%.
[4]
Scientific opinion on climate change - Wikipedia
*****************************************************************************************
James Lawrence Powell (born July 17, 1936 in
Berea, Kentucky) is a
geologist, author, former college president and museum director. He chaired the geology department at
Oberlin College later serving as its provost and president. Powell also served as president of
Franklin & Marshall College as well as
Reed College. Following his positions in higher education, Powell presided over the
Franklin Institute and the
Natural History Museum of Los Angeles.
Powell served 12 years on the
National Science Board and is currently the executive director of the
National Physical Science Consortium.
His book,
Night Comes to the Cretaceous, explores the scientific debate regarding
dinosaur extinction. In
Four Revolutions in the Earth Sciences, Powell addresses dinosaur extinction in addition to three other scientific debates:
deep time,
continental drift and
global warming.
Powell has posited that the scientific consensus on
global warming nears universality and he actively counters
climate change denialism in his research and other publications.
Education
Powell earned a BA degree in 1958 from
Berea College, a private liberal arts college located in Powell's home town of
Berea, Kentucky. Powell then received a PhD in
Geochemistry from the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1962.
[5]
James L. Powell - Wikipedia
References
- Plait, P. (11 December 2012). "Why Climate Change Denial Is Just Hot Air". Slate. Retrieved 14 February 2014.
- ^ Plait, P. (14 January 2014). "The Very, Very Thin Wedge of Denial". Slate. Retrieved 14 February 2014.
- ^ Powell, James Lawrence (1 October 2015). "Climate Scientists Virtually Unanimous Anthropogenic Global Warming Is True". Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society. 35 (5–6): 121–124. doi:10.1177/0270467616634958. ISSN 0270-4676.
- ^ Powell, James Lawrence (2017-05-24). "The Consensus on Anthropogenic Global Warming Matters". Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society. 36 (3): 157–163. doi:10.1177/0270467617707079.
- Nemeh, Katherine (2014). American Men & Women of Science: A Biographical Directory of Today's Leaders in Physical, Biological and Related Sciences (32nd ed., vol. 5 ed.). Gale Virtual Reference Library. p. 1498. Retrieved 1 February 2019.