Drones vs anti-drones

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For the most part we’re still shooting down $20,000 Shaheds (the cheap-ass $20k drones on the far right corner) with multi-million-dollar missiles. But that is about to change. Enter some new startup companies that are changing the face of war.

A few weeks back an Iranian Shahed drone slammed into an AWS data center here. That same week a drone strike shut down one of Abu Dhabi’s largest oil refineries.

Iran’s Shahed is the poster boy for this new kind of war. Since the conflict kicked off the UAE alone intercepted over 2,250 of them.

The Shahed is the latest dot on the most important chart in modern defense: the cost-per-kill curve. But some US startup companies are doing something about that:


CX2 (US drone co) builds jamming systems to take out enemy targets.

The electromagnetic spectrum is the invisible ocean of radio waves every drone and missile swims in. Drones go dark the moment they get jammed. Their video links drop, and the drone crashes into a ditch.

Likewise you can “spoof” million-dollar missiles. During the early days of the Ukraine war US-made missiles missed their targets 90% of the time because of jamming.

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Seeker is Mara’s (another US drone co) first interceptor drone. It destroys incoming drones by crashing into them. It costs only a few thousand dollars and is small enough that two soldiers can carry dozens of them in a backpack.

Seeker has the potential to flip America’s cost asymmetry disadvantage on its head.

Without giving exact figures, it’s FAR cheaper than a Shahed.

Mara’s Spotter system looks like an “orb” and uses built-in cameras and a listening system to detect threats. It sits there listening for the whir of incoming drones.

When Spotter detects a threat it instantly triggers an army of Seeker interceptors to attack. Seekers come packed like cheap ice pops, 48 in a bunch.

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The big primes like Lockheed, Raytheon and Boeing won’t disappear. They will be slowly eaten alive by a new generation of founder-led companies that fundamentally care more and move 10X faster.

We’re still early in this transition. Defense startups captured just 1% of Pentagon contracts last year. And there’s room for both startups and the primes. F-35s and Neros’s kamikaze drones aren’t competing for the same job.

But the decisive weapon is no longer the most expensive system. It’s the cheapest one you can make in the biggest numbers.




Problem: the Chinese are way ahead of us in this area.
Olaf is a 20-year old kid who's running one of these drone companies. He's candid about how far ahead China is in drones. Neros’s best onboard camera looks, in Olaf’s own words, “like a 1980s TV.” The Chinese equivalent is crystal-clear and 10 years ahead.

Why such a big gap? Roughly 100,000 people are working on AI drones in China. In America the number is closer to 1,000. In Shenzhen you can buy any drone part you want in hours. Building a drone in America without Chinese parts is almost impossible. We need to do something about that with our DoD dollars.
 
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For the most part we’re still shooting down $20,000 Shaheds (the cheap-ass $20k drones on the far right corner) with multi-million-dollar missiles. But that is about to change. Enter some new startup companies that are changing the face of war.

A few weeks back an Iranian Shahed drone slammed into an AWS data center here. That same week a drone strike shut down one of Abu Dhabi’s largest oil refineries.

Iran’s Shahed is the poster boy for this new kind of war. Since the conflict kicked off the UAE alone intercepted over 2,250 of them.

The Shahed is the latest dot on the most important chart in modern defense: the cost-per-kill curve. But some US startup companies are doing something about that:


CX2 (US drone co) builds jamming systems to take out enemy targets.

The electromagnetic spectrum is the invisible ocean of radio waves every drone and missile swims in. Drones go dark the moment they get jammed. Their video links drop, and the drone crashes into a ditch.

Likewise you can “spoof” million-dollar missiles. During the early days of the Ukraine war US-made missiles missed their targets 90% of the time because of jamming.

.
.
.
Seeker is Mara’s (another US drone co) first interceptor drone. It destroys incoming drones by crashing into them. It costs only a few thousand dollars and is small enough that two soldiers can carry dozens of them in a backpack.

Seeker has the potential to flip America’s cost asymmetry disadvantage on its head.

Without giving exact figures, it’s FAR cheaper than a Shahed.

Mara’s Spotter system looks like an “orb” and uses built-in cameras and a listening system to detect threats. It sits there listening for the whir of incoming drones.

When Spotter detects a threat it instantly triggers an army of Seeker interceptors to attack. Seekers come packed like cheap ice pops, 48 in a bunch.

.
.
.
The big primes like Lockheed, Raytheon and Boeing won’t disappear. They will be slowly eaten alive by a new generation of founder-led companies that fundamentally care more and move 10X faster.

We’re still early in this transition. Defense startups captured just 1% of Pentagon contracts last year. And there’s room for both startups and the primes. F-35s and Neros’s kamikaze drones aren’t competing for the same job.

But the decisive weapon is no longer the most expensive system. It’s the cheapest one you can make in the biggest numbers.




Problem: the Chinese are way ahead of us in this area.
Olaf is a 20-year old kid who's running one of these drone companies. He's candid about how far ahead China is in drones. Neros’s best onboard camera looks, in Olaf’s own words, “like a 1980s TV.” The Chinese equivalent is crystal-clear and 10 years ahead.

Why such a big gap? Roughly 100,000 people are working on AI drones in China. In America the number is closer to 1,000. In Shenzhen you can buy any drone part you want in hours. Building a drone in America without Chinese parts is almost impossible. We need to do something about that with our DoD dollars.
I have read about this conundrum for at least a couple of years. The costs can be FAR less than it being applied now approx. $10 U.S a shot though I have heard of the price being only pennies per shot to take out a drone in some quarters.

The future will be drone and A.I bot warfare, the big defense companies are going to learn this one way or another. Chinas approach is a wise one "quantity at the low end to surpass high end costly abundance of the enemy". Those ignore this reality do so at their own folly.

The sooner we adjust the better. Consider this as well, the costs for a drone may remain stagnant or even decrease over time even as they become more powerful and mobile.

Read below:

The DragonFire System​

DragonFire is a UK-led project developed by the DragonFire consortium, which includes MBDA, Leonardo, and QinetiQ. It is designed to be a cost-effective alternative to traditional missile defense systems.
  • Cost Efficiency: The primary selling point of DragonFire is its operational cost. A single shot is estimated to cost roughly £10 ($13 USD) . This is a massive improvement over traditional interceptor missiles, which can cost millions of dollars per unit.
  • Precision: It is capable of tracking and engaging small targets, such as drones, at a range of several kilometers with high precision.
  • Capability: The system functions by tracking a target and delivering a high-power laser beam that can cut through drone airframes or strike sensitive electronics/optics.

Who has used it?​

  • The UK Ministry of Defence (MoD): The system is currently in the testing and evaluation phase. In January 2024 , the UK conducted the first high-power firing trials of the DragonFire system against aerial targets at the Hebrides Range in Scotland.
  • Status: It has not yet been deployed in active combat. The UK government has recently announced plans to accelerate the deployment of DragonFire to Royal Navy ships by 2027, moving the timeline up from previous estimates.

Other Notable Systems​

While DragonFire is the most widely publicized "cheap" laser, other nations are developing similar low-cost directed energy weapons:


Iron Beam
Israel
Late-stage development/testing (designed for mortar/UAV interception)


HELWS
USA
Various prototypes tested by the Air Force and Army


Silent Hunter
China
Export-ready; claimed to have been used in international demonstrations


The Mathematical Advantage​

The economic argument for laser defense relies on the ratio of cost-per-kill. If CmCm is the cost of a missile and ClCl is the cost per laser shot:

Efficiency Ratio=CmClEfficiency Ratio=ClCm

In many scenarios involving low-cost, mass-produced drones (like the Shahed-136 which the Russians and perhaps the Iranians use though I do not know for sure.), CmCm might be $100,000–$2,000,000, while ClCl is negligible. This makes lasers the most economically sustainable way to counter "drone swarms," where the goal is to overwhelm air defenses by forcing the defender to exhaust expensive ammunition on inexpensive targets.
 

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