alang1216 chew on this because it is relevant to this discussion even if you don't understand how.
The total energy in the universe is thought by many physicists to be
zero, a concept known as the
Zero-Energy Universe hypothesis, where the vast positive energy of matter and radiation is perfectly balanced by the negative energy of gravity, meaning the universe could have sprung from "nothing" without violating conservation laws. While we can estimate the energy in the
observable universe (around 3.2 x 10^71 Joules of positive mass-energy), the total net energy, including negative gravitational energy, balances out to zero.
The Two Sides of the Cosmic Energy Coin:
- Positive Energy (Matter/Radiation): This is all the "stuff" we can see and detect, like stars, galaxies, gas, and light (photons).
- Negative Energy (Gravity): Gravity is considered a form of negative energy; it takes positive energy (work) to pull things apart against their gravitational attraction, meaning the attraction itself represents negative energy.
Why "Zero" is Significant:
- Conservation of Energy: If the total is zero, energy wasn't created, it just rearranged from potential (negative) to actual (positive) forms, fitting the law that energy can't be destroyed.
- The Big Bang: This balance suggests the universe could have arisen from a quantum fluctuation (a temporary "borrowing" of energy from nothing).