First of all to answer your question about who receives a 16% pay raise, you really should do some research before coming up with a one liner. When you ask a question like that, and make it sound like all of a sudden teachers want a 16% pay raise, most everyone would think the teacher's are out of their minds. But this of course is not the case. Last year because of a major shortfall, teachers raises were rescinded meaning they did not get not receive their pay increase. This 16% pay increase is to take place over the next four years and includes making up for the raise that was rescinded last year. In other words, it's a pay raise that covers five years, and since it is the total of accumulated pay raises, each year is not that much.
Factbox: Chicago teachers dispute is over school reform, money - Yahoo! News
If you understand what is said here, it isn't even a 16% pay increase but rather fuzzy math. Now what the city can afford may prove to be a problem for the teachers and the union. My point here is that those who are anti-union constantly do this, trying to make a statement about how unions ask for the moon and this is why they are so bad. As we can see here, the actual pay raise being offered in the contract is under 3% per year which must also cover inflation, so basically the teachers are just trying to keep the pay they now have. It's not an increase as much as it is a cost of living adjustment, yet you throw out the 16% number in a way that makes everyone think these teachers must be out of their minds, when in fact they just want a cost of living increase.