...which decreases the amount of money circulating in the economy.
Not necessarily, not simply.
The amount of money circulating in the economy is primarily the direct result of private sector borrowing. That is the primary function of the Fed, to manage that money supply.
Government revenues either recirculate to investors in paying balance and interest on t-bills, by purchases from contractors, or by direct paymenr of wages to govt employees. All of that recirculates the money's back into the flow.
Investors, lacking T-bill for investment can simply invest elsewhere, such as in consumer credit or the stock market. That is still in the economy.
As well, prices are based on the total amount of money being spent, not on the amount of income before taxes. So, regardless, real dollars doesn't change due to taxes.
The only way it would reduce the money supply is if a) the money supply had no other method for growth and b) the moneys did not circulate through other channels. Even then, aggregate prices are due to the money supply in circulation.
The government debt is a bit of an illusion, having very little meaning and no direct impact on the economy. The only real inpact is the rate of change of that debt which is, of course, the deficit. The deficit is the government moving monies from private sector savings into private sector consumption and production. That or into interest payments on the debt.
The government can increase taxes and reduce outlays, as well as recuce the deficit and pay down the debt, without impacting the money supply that accounts for consumption and the prices of goods as long as it does so slowly. As long as it is done slowly, the economy has time to react to the change.
Surely the free market private sector economy is capable of functioning without the government involved to the tune of $17T.
Do you suppose that the free market, private sector economy cannot function without the government constantly borrowing money?