The Worlds Volcanic Past and Future
By Alan Caruba Thursday, February 20, 2014
While Americans coped with massive snowfalls in the South, Midwest and Northeast, a dramatic volcanic eruption occurred on February 13th in Indonesia when Mount Kelud in the province of East Java erupted so loudly it could be heard 120 miles away.
It is one of 130 volcanos in the worlds fourth most populous nation, located on the ring of fire volcanic belt around the shores of the Pacific Ocean. About 200,000 people were affected and more than 76,000 had to be evacuated according to Indonesias National Disaster Mitigation Agency. The affect was dramatic, shutting down an airport in Indonesias second largest city, Surabaya, a major industrial center, along with those in five other cities as well as a major oil refinery that provides more than a third of Indonesias total output of refined products
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So, we make big noises about Manmade Global Climate Change and totally ignore the billions of tons of gas and ash spewed into the atmosphere by Ma Nature. Didn't the eruption of one volcano cause a mini Ice Age for a year back in the 1800s? And what about the recent eruption of the volcano in Iceland? Are the politicians now going to come up with some scheme to control volcanic eruptions claiming they are Man's fault?
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The World?s Volcanic Past and Future
Since geologists have been in the forefront of recognition of the affects of adding GHGs to the atmosphere, they would be the first to state that volcanoes were having a major affect on the worlds weather. They can, as did Tambora in 1816, cause a brief cooling. But the sulphates and very fine silicates leave the atmosphere in 5 years or less. Usually about 2 years.
As far as GHGs are concerned, all the volcanoes worldwide contribute less than 1% of the amount that mankind put into the atmosphere.
Which produces more CO2, volcanic or human activity?
Carbon dioxide is released when magma rises from the depths of the Earth on its way to the surface. Our studies here at Kilauea show that the eruption discharges between 8,000 and 30,000 metric tonnes of CO2 into the atmosphere each day. Actively erupting volcanoes release much more CO2 than sleeping ones do.
Gas studies at volcanoes worldwide have helped volcanologists tally up a global volcanic CO2 budget in the same way that nations around the globe have cooperated to determine how much CO2 is released by human activity through the burning of fossil fuels. Our studies show that globally, volcanoes on land and under the sea release a total of about 200 million tonnes of CO2 annually.
This seems like a huge amount of CO2, but a visit to the U.S. Department of Energy's Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) website (
Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC)) helps anyone armed with a handheld calculator and a high school chemistry text put the volcanic CO2 tally into perspective. Because while 200 million tonnes of CO2 is large, the global fossil fuel CO2 emissions for 2003 tipped the scales at 26.8 billion tonnes. Thus, not only does volcanic CO2 not dwarf that of human activity, it actually comprises less than 1 percent of that value.