So, Coyote, who won the Democratic Debate?

[Godboy]

You werent there and you were never a slave. Black people today have benefitted the most from slavery. If some other people hadnt suffered for you in the past, youd be stuck in Africa. You also reap any and every reward that white people today get from slavery. Quit begging for money and get a job you bum.

That is a grotesque claim to make right up there with claiming Jews benefited from the Holocaust.

Oddly, I saw no mention of the Jews, the Holocaust or benefiting from it. Too bad you never studied Logic to understand that is a fallacy of reasoning.

I studied logic. You must not pay much attention to the antisemites that infest this place.

Centuries of unpaid labor, premayure death, torture, rape and forced family seperation is difficult to conceive of as beneficial. They certainly saw none of tbe economic benefits of their labor and attempts to rise were squashed under the weight of Jim Crowe.

The fact is that it is disingenuous to apply 21st century standards to 17th century acts as these are two worlds apart, just as it is disingenuous to say that no slaves ever were compensated for their service in food, housing and many other things including owning slaves themselves! Or didn't you know that some high ranking slaves were allowed to own low ranking ones? Just as not all slaves suffered torture, premature death, rape and family separation. Meantime, many other people have suffered these things without ever being slaves!

Slavery is something that existed since the dawn of man, was a universal practice and has been essentially outlawed for centuries now, meantime its modern evolved equivalent continues on in the form of economic and social slavery for many, even if they are not ostensibly "owned" as property. The only real remedy is to go out and live well.

So argument is that because SOME slaves had it marginally better than majority of slaves...blacks benefited?

Good god.

Blacks TODAY benefitted. No one is talking about people that have been dead for 200 years.

 

[FA_Q2]

Biden or Warren. But Biden makes too many mistakes...I kinda worry about him. Bernie is way too far left for the presidency, people like him are better in Congress. What is difficult to tell is har far left they would govern because, like the Republicans in their last primary, they are playing to their base trying to out left each other.

Healthcare is an important issue, but I prefer Biden’s approach of trying to fix the ACA over the call for Medicare for all and a single payer system. Not ready for that approach yet.

I have not made up my mind who to vote for.

Warren's trade policy is essentially Trumps trade war on steroids. She is an absolute protectionist and that part of her plat, at least IMHO, is actually something she really believes in.

Is that something you can square?

 

[Coyote]

Biden or Warren. But Biden makes too many mistakes...I kinda worry about him. Bernie is way too far left for the presidency, people like him are better in Congress. What is difficult to tell is har far left they would govern because, like the Republicans in their last primary, they are playing to their base trying to out left each other.

Healthcare is an important issue, but I prefer Biden’s approach of trying to fix the ACA over the call for Medicare for all and a single payer system. Not ready for that approach yet.

I have not made up my mind who to vote for.

Warren's trade policy is essentially Trumps trade war on steroids. She is an absolute protectionist and that part of her plat, at least IMHO, is actually something she really believes in.

Is that something you can square?

Not sure. Trade is something that hasn’t been super high on my priorities in regards to protectionism, so I would have think about it.

I largely prefer free trade with some protections, but too much strangles it. I do support Warren on consumer protections and predatory lending practices.

I do agree China is and has been a major issue, but wholesale tariffs are a blunt instrument and cause a lot of collateral damage.

 

[Coyote]

You werent there and you were never a slave. Black people today have benefitted the most from slavery. If some other people hadnt suffered for you in the past, youd be stuck in Africa. You also reap any and every reward that white people today get from slavery. Quit begging for money and get a job you bum.

That is a grotesque claim to make right up there with claiming Jews benefited from the Holocaust.

Oddly, I saw no mention of the Jews, the Holocaust or benefiting from it. Too bad you never studied Logic to understand that is a fallacy of reasoning.

I studied logic. You must not pay much attention to the antisemites that infest this place.

Centuries of unpaid labor, premayure death, torture, rape and forced family seperation is difficult to conceive of as beneficial. They certainly saw none of tbe economic benefits of their labor and attempts to rise were squashed under the weight of Jim Crowe.

The fact is that it is disingenuous to apply 21st century standards to 17th century acts as these are two worlds apart, just as it is disingenuous to say that no slaves ever were compensated for their service in food, housing and many other things including owning slaves themselves! Or didn't you know that some high ranking slaves were allowed to own low ranking ones? Just as not all slaves suffered torture, premature death, rape and family separation. Meantime, many other people have suffered these things without ever being slaves!

Slavery is something that existed since the dawn of man, was a universal practice and has been essentially outlawed for centuries now, meantime its modern evolved equivalent continues on in the form of economic and social slavery for many, even if they are not ostensibly "owned" as property. The only real remedy is to go out and live well.

So argument is that because SOME slaves had it marginally better than majority of slaves...blacks benefited?

Good god.

Blacks TODAY benefitted. No one is talking about people that have been dead for 200 years.

How specifically did they benefit?

 

[IM2]

The fact is that it is disingenuous to apply 21st century standards to 17th century acts as these are two worlds apart, just as it is disingenuous to say that no slaves ever were compensated for their service in food, housing and many other things including owning slaves themselves! Or didn't you know that some high ranking slaves were allowed to own low ranking ones? Just as not all slaves suffered torture, premature death, rape and family separation. Meantime, many other people have suffered these things without ever being slaves!

Slavery is something that existed since the dawn of man, was a universal practice and has been essentially outlawed for centuries now, meantime its modern evolved equivalent continues on in the form of economic and social slavery for many, even if they are not ostensibly "owned" as property. The only real remedy is to go out and live well.

So we no longer are ruled by the constitution.

This post is comedy. Had whites endured the same things these sorry ass excuses would not be argued or any justification would be accepted.

 

[IM2]

That is a grotesque claim to make right up there with claiming Jews benefited from the Holocaust.

Oddly, I saw no mention of the Jews, the Holocaust or benefiting from it. Too bad you never studied Logic to understand that is a fallacy of reasoning.

I studied logic. You must not pay much attention to the antisemites that infest this place.

Centuries of unpaid labor, premayure death, torture, rape and forced family seperation is difficult to conceive of as beneficial. They certainly saw none of tbe economic benefits of their labor and attempts to rise were squashed under the weight of Jim Crowe.

The fact is that it is disingenuous to apply 21st century standards to 17th century acts as these are two worlds apart, just as it is disingenuous to say that no slaves ever were compensated for their service in food, housing and many other things including owning slaves themselves! Or didn't you know that some high ranking slaves were allowed to own low ranking ones? Just as not all slaves suffered torture, premature death, rape and family separation. Meantime, many other people have suffered these things without ever being slaves!

Slavery is something that existed since the dawn of man, was a universal practice and has been essentially outlawed for centuries now, meantime its modern evolved equivalent continues on in the form of economic and social slavery for many, even if they are not ostensibly "owned" as property. The only real remedy is to go out and live well.

So argument is that because SOME slaves had it marginally better than majority of slaves...blacks benefited?

Good god.

Blacks TODAY benefitted. No one is talking about people that have been dead for 200 years.

How specifically did they benefit?

They benefit in every economic way whites today benefit from past slavery, and they also dont have to live in Africa. They benefit more than anyone.

You don't speak for us. Let's look at how we have benefited from slavery. Hopefully you have the attention span adults are supposed to have.

The Amazing Resiliency of White Wealth - CityLab
The economic impact of closing the racial wealth gap | McKinsey

 

[Rustic]

Biden or Warren. But Biden makes too many mistakes...I kinda worry about him. Bernie is way too far left for the presidency, people like him are better in Congress. What is difficult to tell is har far left they would govern because, like the Republicans in their last primary, they are playing to their base trying to out left each other.

Healthcare is an important issue, but I prefer Biden’s approach of trying to fix the ACA over the call for Medicare for all and a single payer system. Not ready for that approach yet.

I have not made up my mind who to vote for.

Fair assessment. I agree. But there is one thing Biden has the rest of the candidates don't, a long term relationship with other world leaders. This will be necessary thanks to the damage Trump has created. I don't concern myself with Biden's gaffes, especially since we have a pathological liar in office now.

And I really don't like Bernie Sanders. Not because of his socialism, but the fact that he is just not genuine. For example, he voted against the Brady bill several times but talks about his F from the NRA.

But like you, I have not decided.

There is reason why Biden has lost primarys, he is a career politician. There is nothing more two-faced than a career politician Their job is to ride the fence and lie about it. Career politicians much like professors can’t make it in the real world.
As far as bat shit crazy Bernie/Pocahontas and the rest of them they legislate off emotion not reality...

Do you really think the vast majority of Americans want to pay for all of the shit they want the force on them?

 

[SAYIT]

I am an objective observer, I am disgusted by all of them...
What do you think, Coyote? Anybody?

Biden or Warren. But Biden makes too many mistakes...I kinda worry about him. Bernie is way too far left for the presidency, people like him are better in Congress...
I have not made up my mind who to vote for.

The winner was determined before the first question was lobbed. Fair or not the Dems are now stuck with a gun-confiscating, socialist image from which there is no escape.

 

[IM2]

Biden or Warren. But Biden makes too many mistakes...I kinda worry about him. Bernie is way too far left for the presidency, people like him are better in Congress. What is difficult to tell is har far left they would govern because, like the Republicans in their last primary, they are playing to their base trying to out left each other.

Healthcare is an important issue, but I prefer Biden’s approach of trying to fix the ACA over the call for Medicare for all and a single payer system. Not ready for that approach yet.

I have not made up my mind who to vote for.

Fair assessment. I agree. But there is one thing Biden has the rest of the candidates don't, a long term relationship with other world leaders. This will be necessary thanks to the damage Trump has created. I don't concern myself with Biden's gaffes, especially since we have a pathological liar in office now.

And I really don't like Bernie Sanders. Not because of his socialism, but the fact that he is just not genuine. For example, he voted against the Brady bill several times but talks about his F from the NRA.

But like you, I have not decided.

There is reason why Biden has lost primarys, he is a career politician. There is nothing more two-faced than a career politician Their job is to ride the fence and lie about it. Career politicians much like professors can’t make it in the real world.
As far as bat shit crazy Bernie/Pocahontas and the rest of them they legislate off emotion not reality...

Do you really think the vast majority of Americans want to pay for all of the shit they won the force on them?

You elected a fool because you didn't want a politician. He has lied over 12,000 times. Politicians and professors live in the real world with the rest of us. You talk about being forced to pay. What you don't get is that you're paying more now and what they propose actually ends that and will actually increase the amount of money you will keep.

 

[IM2]

I am an objective observer, I am disgusted by all of them...
What do you think, Coyote? Anybody?

Biden or Warren. But Biden makes too many mistakes...I kinda worry about him. Bernie is way too far left for the presidency, people like him are better in Congress...
I have not made up my mind who to vote for.

The winner was determined before the first question was lobbed. Fair or not the Dems are now stuck with a gun-confiscating, socialist image from which there is no escape.

No they aren't. Just because you idiots let Trump tell you what to thinks doesn't mean democrats are what he says.

 

[IM2]

If reparations were paid tomorrow I would direct my part to be put in a fund dedicated to rebuilding black communities.

Nah, if reparations were paid, your car would look like this the next day. This is why we dont want Harris or Booker as president. Your cars are eye sores and therefore bad for the country.

Yawn! You don't see any blacks driving bigfoots.

I understand that you're scared of blacks getting complete equality. But when we get reparations if you need a job in my business, I'll hire you.

"Bigfoots" are meant for offroading. What are your giant rims meant for?

You have an excuse for everything white.

 

[IM2]

You werent there and you were never a slave. Black people today have benefitted the most from slavery. If some other people hadnt suffered for you in the past, youd be stuck in Africa. You also reap any and every reward that white people today get from slavery. Quit begging for money and get a job you bum.

That is a grotesque claim to make right up there with claiming Jews benefited from the Holocaust.

Oddly, I saw no mention of the Jews, the Holocaust or benefiting from it. Too bad you never studied Logic to understand that is a fallacy of reasoning.

I studied logic. You must not pay much attention to the antisemites that infest this place.

Centuries of unpaid labor, premayure death, torture, rape and forced family seperation is difficult to conceive of as beneficial. They certainly saw none of tbe economic benefits of their labor and attempts to rise were squashed under the weight of Jim Crowe.

The fact is that it is disingenuous to apply 21st century standards to 17th century acts as these are two worlds apart, just as it is disingenuous to say that no slaves ever were compensated for their service in food, housing and many other things including owning slaves themselves! Or didn't you know that some high ranking slaves were allowed to own low ranking ones? Just as not all slaves suffered torture, premature death, rape and family separation. Meantime, many other people have suffered these things without ever being slaves!

Slavery is something that existed since the dawn of man, was a universal practice and has been essentially outlawed for centuries now, meantime its modern evolved equivalent continues on in the form of economic and social slavery for many, even if they are not ostensibly "owned" as property. The only real remedy is to go out and live well.

So argument is that because SOME slaves had it marginally better than majority of slaves...blacks benefited?

Good god.

Blacks TODAY benefitted. No one is talking about people that have been dead for 200 years.

No we have not.

 

[toomuchtime_]

I am an objective observer, I am disgusted by all of them.

Uncle Joe started off good enough, but his brain gets tired pretty quick, and it had quit working by the time they asked him about past racial issues, and he responded by talking about Venezuela and record players. Whatever is wrong with him is only going to get worse over the next grueling year.

And "The Bern" look even older and even crabbier than usual. He only looked good three years ago, because he was being compared to the worst candidate in history---the Depraved Hillary Clinton.

The two old White Boys are done.

So, I would say Elizabeth Warren. She is easily the closest to being a certifiable Lunatic, and that's a benefit in today's Demo-Socialist Electorate.

What do you think, Coyote? Anybody?

Your opinion on this would be much appreciated.

Bi-Partisan discussion?

The clear winner of the debate was Donald Trump.

 

[IM2]

You werent there and you were never a slave. Black people today have benefitted the most from slavery. If some other people hadnt suffered for you in the past, youd be stuck in Africa. You also reap any and every reward that white people today get from slavery. Quit begging for money and get a job you bum.

That is a grotesque claim to make right up there with claiming Jews benefited from the Holocaust.

Oddly, I saw no mention of the Jews, the Holocaust or benefiting from it. Too bad you never studied Logic to understand that is a fallacy of reasoning.

I studied logic. You must not pay much attention to the antisemites that infest this place.

Centuries of unpaid labor, premayure death, torture, rape and forced family seperation is difficult to conceive of as beneficial. They certainly saw none of tbe economic benefits of their labor and attempts to rise were squashed under the weight of Jim Crowe.

The fact is that it is disingenuous to apply 21st century standards to 17th century acts as these are two worlds apart, just as it is disingenuous to say that no slaves ever were compensated for their service in food, housing and many other things including owning slaves themselves! Or didn't you know that some high ranking slaves were allowed to own low ranking ones? Just as not all slaves suffered torture, premature death, rape and family separation. Meantime, many other people have suffered these things without ever being slaves!

Slavery is something that existed since the dawn of man, was a universal practice and has been essentially outlawed for centuries now, meantime its modern evolved equivalent continues on in the form of economic and social slavery for many, even if they are not ostensibly "owned" as property. The only real remedy is to go out and live well.

So argument is that because SOME slaves had it marginally better than majority of slaves...blacks benefited?

Good god.

You won't get logic from the stormfront crew.

 

[Rustic]

Biden or Warren. But Biden makes too many mistakes...I kinda worry about him. Bernie is way too far left for the presidency, people like him are better in Congress. What is difficult to tell is har far left they would govern because, like the Republicans in their last primary, they are playing to their base trying to out left each other.

Healthcare is an important issue, but I prefer Biden’s approach of trying to fix the ACA over the call for Medicare for all and a single payer system. Not ready for that approach yet.

I have not made up my mind who to vote for.

Fair assessment. I agree. But there is one thing Biden has the rest of the candidates don't, a long term relationship with other world leaders. This will be necessary thanks to the damage Trump has created. I don't concern myself with Biden's gaffes, especially since we have a pathological liar in office now.

And I really don't like Bernie Sanders. Not because of his socialism, but the fact that he is just not genuine. For example, he voted against the Brady bill several times but talks about his F from the NRA.

But like you, I have not decided.

There is reason why Biden has lost primarys, he is a career politician. There is nothing more two-faced than a career politician Their job is to ride the fence and lie about it. Career politicians much like professors can’t make it in the real world.
As far as bat shit crazy Bernie/Pocahontas and the rest of them they legislate off emotion not reality...

Do you really think the vast majority of Americans want to pay for all of the shit they won the force on them?

You elected a fool because you didn't want a politician. He has lied over 12,000 times. Politicians and professors live in the real world with the rest of us. You talk about being forced to pay. What you don't get is that you're paying more now and what they propose actually ends that and will actually increase the amount of money you will keep.

Lol
Socialism, you get to keep your own money?… Best joke I’ve heard all day

 

[SAYIT]

I am an objective observer, I am disgusted by all of them...
What do you think, Coyote? Anybody?

Biden or Warren. But Biden makes too many mistakes...I kinda worry about him. Bernie is way too far left for the presidency, people like him are better in Congress...
I have not made up my mind who to vote for.

The winner was determined before the first question was lobbed. Fair or not the Dems are now stuck with a gun-confiscating, socialist image from which there is no escape.

No they aren't. Just because you idiots let Trump tell you what to thinks doesn't mean democrats are what he says.

Not what Trump says, Silly Rabbit, it's what Beto said: “Hell yes, we're going to take your AR-15, your AK-47,”

You are soooo screwed and denial won't change that fact.

Beto O'Rourke: 'Hell, yes, we're going to take your AR-15, your AK-47' - CNNPolitics

 

[Rustic]

I am an objective observer, I am disgusted by all of them...
What do you think, Coyote? Anybody?

Biden or Warren. But Biden makes too many mistakes...I kinda worry about him. Bernie is way too far left for the presidency, people like him are better in Congress...
I have not made up my mind who to vote for.

The winner was determined before the first question was lobbed. Fair or not the Dems are now stuck with a gun-confiscating, socialist image from which there is no escape.

No they aren't. Just because you idiots let Trump tell you what to thinks doesn't mean democrats are what he says.

Not what Trump says, Silly Rabbit, it's what Beto said: “Hell yes, we're going to take your AR-15, your AK-47,”

You are soooo screwed and denial won't change that fact.

Beto O'Rourke: 'Hell, yes, we're going to take your AR-15, your AK-47' - CNNPolitics

 

[Godboy]

If reparations were paid tomorrow I would direct my part to be put in a fund dedicated to rebuilding black communities.

Nah, if reparations were paid, your car would look like this the next day. This is why we dont want Harris or Booker as president. Your cars are eye sores and therefore bad for the country.

Yawn! You don't see any blacks driving bigfoots.

I understand that you're scared of blacks getting complete equality. But when we get reparations if you need a job in my business, I'll hire you.

"Bigfoots" are meant for offroading. What are your giant rims meant for?

You have an excuse for everything white.

You didnt answer the question.

 

[Remodeling Maidiac]

What I would support is increased community investment and empowerment to disadvantaged communitees

Meaningless gobbldeygook doubletalk

better police/ community relations, safety, education

Thats all the job of local government, not the Federal government

It isn’t meaningless if you live in those communities.

The federal government can issue grants to states and municipalities. They can encourage innovative strategies.

I live in a state where we have a lot of poor communities and food deserts. We received a large philanthropic grant to address some of the problems: WVU Foundation | WVU to launch new Center for Resilient Communities

Grants to states and communities can be used in a similar way. Many communities have been hard hit by the loss of traditional high paying jobs in manufacturing, resource extraction, etc that have been largely replaced by automation. Jobs leave, people who can leave, grocery stores leave, crime and drug use increase, vacant and abandoned properties further depress values. We need people at a community level taking the lead. Theu
Y know what is needed and grants, even tiny ones, to fix small problems can build to improving big ones. That is my view.

Give large sums of money to cities run by the same leftists who drive them into the ground?

PASS

 

[karpenter]

As stated coming from the demonstrably least objective person on the forum.

View attachment 279188

Wow, 20 people in a forum of 40,000, a nation of 330 million, and a world of 7.7 billion, think I am a racist. Why my goodness I should just stop what I am doing and see things the way those 20 people want me to.

Lol!

_____

Are you in favor of Reparations?

Yes. Do you have a problem with that? And don't come with that we weren't there or did not own slave bullshit. Slavery is the basis on which current white American wealth is built.

MACAULAY, aren't you glad you asked? Reparations: repayment for a crime that was not a crime when it occurred, repaid by people who were never in any way involved, to people who in no way ever suffered from it, a repayment that being given, would solve or settle absolutely NOTHING except make the race-baiters even MORE demanding of wanting more, and all based purely on a person's SKIN COLOR with no factoring of the actual people.

Meantime, 10,000 other historical crimes and injustices and only the Blacks want/expect "paid" for it.

Good thing the Jews haven't asked for reparations from the Germans today for Hitler, the Peruvians demanding reparations from the Spanish, or the Indians demanding reparations from the British.

Jews are getting reparations from Germans today. Jew got reparations from our government. Native Americans will receive reparations until the end of days. You truly have no clue.

But before I show you how ignorant you are I will again say that the wealth white America has now was built on a foundation of slavery meaning you still benefit from it and I still suffer because of it.




Did You Know: US Gov’t Paid Reparations…To Slave Owners

On April 16, 1862, President Abraham Lincoln signed a bill ending slavery in the District of Columbia. Passage of this law came 8 1/2 months before President Lincoln issued his Emancipation Proclamation. The act brought to a conclusion decades of agitation aimed at ending what antislavery advocates called “the national shame” of slavery in the nation’s capital. It provided for immediate emancipation, compensation to former owners who were loyal to the Union of up to $300 for each freed slave, voluntary colonization of former slaves to locations outside the United States, and payments of up to $100 for each person choosing emigration.

Did You Know: US Gov’t Paid Reparations…To Slave Owners

Relations between Germany and Greece hit a new low last week after the Athens government said it would pursue reparations from Germany for war crimes committed by Nazi troops in World War II.

Greek Prime Minister, Alexis Tspiras, stated that Germany had “never properly paid reparations for the damage done,” according to Reuters. It was only last week, that the U.K. government announced that they had finally finished paying back their debt loan from World War I.

At the end of a war, countries are required to make payments as a way of making up for the damage inflicted. This was the case at the end of World Wars I and II. The debt can be paid back for many reasons, including machinery damage, and forced labor. Typically, compensation comes in the form of money or material goods.

After World War II, a number of treaties were signed to make sure countries like Greece, Israel, and the Soviet Union were compensated for the destruction caused. Those who lost the war were therefore required to pay the victors.

Germany was required to pay the most for World War II, however, the original total still appears unclear – mainly because Allied countries demanded different forms of repayment at different meetings to discuss Europe after the war. It was believed that initially the Allies suggested that Germany owed up to $320 billion in filed reparation claims -- a total, which they shortly realized couldn’t be fulfilled by Germany at the time, especially with the added World War I debt.

At the conference on German External Debts, in London, 1952, Germany’s post-war debts were written down to just under 7 billion deutschemarks (worth about $3 billion at today’s currency rates) from 16.2 billion deutschemarks, whilst its pre-war debts were reduced to 7.3 billion deutschemarks,

Additionally, Germany had to relinquish the country’s power and divide itself initially into four Allied-owned zones, which were demilitarized and removed of their weaponry.

According to one of the allied meetings, the Potsdam Conference, “payment of reparations should leave enough resources to enable the German people to subsist without external assistance.”

On January 14th 1946, in Paris, two forms of reparation were set up for the allies, in forms of shares: all reparations including funds, and those in the form of ‘industrial and other capital equipment’. The U.K., U.S., France and Yugoslavia were the biggest shareholders.

On top of that, Germany signed an agreement on September 10th 1952, confirming that West Germany would agree to pay 3 billion deutschemarks to Israel in instalments and 450 million deutschemarks to the World Jewish Congress, a federation which represents Jewish communities, over 12 years.

Similar to the situation with Greece, Israel’s finance minister, Yuval Steinitz, announced in 2009 that he wanted Germany to pay between 450 million to 1 billion euros in reparations for Jews forced into slave labor during the Holocaust – despite the fact that Germany had paid off their allocated debt to Israel.

For Japan, paying back its WWII reparations were more complicated. After WWII, it was estimated that by the Allies that Japan had lost 42 percent of its national wealth. Therefore in 1951, Japan signed a treaty to which would work for both sides.

Signed in San Francisco 1951, the ‘Treaty of Peace with Japan’, meant that “Japan will transfer its assets and those of its nationals in countries which were neutral during the war, or which were at war with any of the Allied Powers, or, at its option, the equivalent of such assets, to the International Committee of the Red Cross which shall liquidate such assets and distribute the resultant fund to appropriate national agencies.”

In total, Japan’s government agreed to make a payment of $6.67million to the International Red Cross, as compensation to former prisoners of war.

“What is important to note here is that an significant minority of South Koreans and Chinese do not accept these reparations as adequate – no matter what agreements have been signed. It is a complex issue, fraught with legal, moral, and historical concerns that strike deep at those who choose to think about it.”

There are other countries that had to pay reparations as part of the Paris Peace Treaties agreement in 1947.

Italy ($360 million)

Italy was one of the main Axis Powers alongside Germany and Japan. Under a peace treaty, it was required to pay $125 million to Yugoslavia, $105m to Greece, $100m to the Soviet Union, $25m to Ethiopia and $5m to Albania.

Finland ($300 million)

Out of all the countries that were required to pay reparations from World War II, Finland is the only one known to have paid its bill in full when it sent $300 million to the Soviet Union in 1952.

Hungary ($300 million)

Under a peace treaty, Hungary was required to pay $200 million to the Soviet Union, and $100m to Czechslovakia and Yugoslavia.

Romania ($300 million)

Under a peace treaty, Romania had to pay $300 million to the Soviet Union, for the damage it caused with its “military operations”. According to the treaty, it was to be made “payable over eight years from September 12, 1944, in commodities.”

Bulgaria ($70 million)

Bulgaria was asked to pay $45 million to Greece, and $25m to Yugoslavia. For the full $70 million, the treaty said it was to be made “payable in kind from the products of manufacturing and extractive industries and agriculture over eight years.”

Who still owes what for the two World Wars?

History of Reparations

Canada: In 1991, the Canadian government established the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples (RCAP) to investigate the state of Canada’s removal of indigenous Canadian children from their families and placement in church-run Indian Residential Schools (IRS) in an effort to homogenize Canadian society. As a result of the commission’s recommendations, the government issued a symbolic apology in a “Statement of Reconciliation,” admitting that the schools were designed on racist models of assimilation. In addition, the government provided a $350 million fund for those affected by the schools. In 2006, the federal government signed the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement, agreeing to provide reparations to the survivors of this program. The Settlement totals $2 billion, and includes financial compensation, a truth commission, and support services.

Chile: In 1990, president Patricio Aylwin created the National Truth and Reconciliation Commission to investigate the human rights abuses of the 1973-1990 regime of General Augusto Pinochet. The commission resulted in the 1991 Rettig Report, which documented disappearances, political executions, and torture. The National Corporation for Reparations and Reconciliation then recommended reparations for the victims, including: monthly pensions, educational benefits for the children of the disappeared, exemption from military service, and priority access to health services. These initiatives have been criticized for protecting the identities of perpetrators and failing to recognize all victims to whom reparations are owed.

Morocco: From the 1960s and 1990s, the “years of lead,” massive human rights violations were carried out in the government’s campaign of political oppression: executions, torture, and the annihilation of other civil liberties. King Mohammed VI formed the Independent Arbitration Commission (IAC) to compensate victims of forced disappearances and arbitrary detention. The IAC saw about 5,000 cases and awarded a total of $100 million. Victims and their families complained of a lack of transparency in the tribunal’s procedures and demanded truth-seeking measures in addition to financial compensation. Thus, in 2004, an official truth-seeking initiative, the Equity and Reconciliation Commission (IER) was formed. The IER issued a reparations policy considered ground-breaking for upholding gender equity. It resulted in roughly $85 million, paid to almost 10,000 people. The IER’s recommendations also led to a collective reparations program that blended the symbolic recognition of human rights violations with a development program in 11 regions of Morocco that had suffered from collective punishment. As of May 2010, implementation of the collective reparations program was ongoing.

Other reparations programs have been proposed and/or implemented in: Argentina, Brazil, Cambodia, Colombia, the Democratic Republic of Congo, East Timor, El Salvador, Germany, Ghana, Guatemala, Haiti, Iraq, Malawi, Liberia, South Africa, Kenya, the United States, and others.

Guyana: In 2007, Guyana called for European nations to pay reparations for the slave trade, with no success. In 2013, in the first of a series of lectures in Georgetown, Guyana, to commemorate the 250th anniversary of the 1763 Berbice Slave Revolt, the principal of University of the West Indies, Sir Beckles, urged Caribbean Community (CARICOM) countries to emulate the position adopted by the Jews who were prosecuted during WWII and organize for pursuit of a reparations fund.

In 2011, Antigua and Barbuda called for reparations at the United Nations, claiming “that segregation and violence against people of African descent had impaired their capacity for advancement as nations, communities and individuals.”

Barbados: In 2012, the government of Barbados established a Reparations Task Force responsible for sustaining the local, regional and international momentum for reparations.Barbados is reportedly “currently leading the way in calling for reparations from former colonial powers for the injustices suffered by slaves and their families.”

Jamaica: In 2004, a coalition of Rastafari groups argued that European countries formerly involved in the slave trade, especially Britain, should pay 72.5 billion pounds sterling to resettle 500,000 Jamaican Rastafarians in Africa. The claim was rejected by the British government, which said it could not be held accountable for wrongs in past centuries.In 2012, Jamaica revived its reparations commission, to consider the question of whether the country should seek an apology or reparations from Britain for its role in the slave trade.

History of Reparations | The Islah Reparations Project

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