1. The Spirit participated in creation (
Gen. 1:2;
Job 26:13;
Is. 32:15).
2. The Spirit gives life to humanity and the other creatures (
Ps. 104:29, 30). It is interesting that when Genesis says God endows people with life by breathing into their nostrils the “breath of life” (
Gen. 2:7), the word for “breath” is the same word translated elsewhere as “spirit.”
3. The Spirit strives with sinners (
Gen. 6:3), which is perhaps related to His work in convicting people of sin (
John 16:8–11).
4. The Spirit came upon certain judges, warriors, and prophets in a way that gave them extraordinary power: for example, Joshua (
Num. 27:18), Othniel (
Judg. 3:10), Gideon (
6:34), Samson (
13:25; 14:6), and Saul (
1 Sam. 10:9, 10). However, the Spirit later departed from Saul because of his disobedience (
16:14).
5. The Spirit played a prominent role in the long span of Old Testament prophecy. David declared that “the Spirit of the Lord spoke by me, and His word was on my tongue” (
2 Sam. 23:2). Likewise, Ezekiel reported that “the Spirit entered me when He spoke to me” (
Ezek. 2:2).
6. The Spirit inspired holiness in Old Testament believers (
Ps. 143:10). And Scripture promised that someday God would put His Spirit in His people in a way that would cause them to live according to His statutes (
Ezek. 36:27).
7. “The Spirit of the Lord shall rest upon Him” (
Is. 11:2), inspiring God’s Chosen One with wisdom, understanding, counsel, might, knowledge, fear of the Lord, righteousness, and faithfulness.