I am not sure when this thread turned into a Israel-Palestinian problem thread
So back to the headline? Who are the Israelis?
In 1920 the Jewish population in British mandated Palestine accounted for a round 70,000 people or e.g. 10% of it's total residents (around 700,000)
From 1920 to 1945 the Jewish population grew to around 200-250,000, and that of the non-Jews to around 700,000
During 1948 around 60-80,000 Jews came in additionally and due to the Independence war around 400,000 Muslims fled Palestine and where barred from returning - thus tipping the population balance in favor of the Jewish population. Estimated at around 350-400,000 thousand Jews - and around 300,000 non-Jews.
Between 1949-1950 due to Jewish exoduses from Egypt, Syria and other surrounding Middle-East countries plus further immigrants having survived the Jewish-Holocaust in Europe the Jewish population grew to around 1.3 million.
Today Israel's population is around 9 million Israelis of which around 74% constitute of Jews. As such around 6,5 million Jews, of which approximately 3.5 million constitute of Jewish immigrants, or Jewish-Israelis not born in Israel.
As such Israels population aka Israelis are an extremely diverse multicultural society.
If my figures should be inaccurate - I am open for corrections.