Here is wiki on greenhouse experiments/
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The existence of the greenhouse effect, while not named as such, was proposed by
Joseph Fourier in 1824.
[7] The argument and the evidence were further strengthened by
Claude Pouillet in 1827 and 1838.
John Tyndall was the first to measure the infrared absorption and emission of various gases and vapors. From 1859 onwards, he showed that the effect was due to a very small proportion of the atmosphere, with the main gases having no effect, and was largely due to water vapor, though small percentages of hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide had a significant effect.
[8] The effect was more fully quantified by
Svante Arrhenius in 1896, who made the first quantitative prediction of global warming due to a hypothetical doubling of atmospheric carbon dioxide.
[9] However, the term "greenhouse" was not used to refer to this effect by any of these scientists; the term was first used in this way by
Nils Gustaf Ekholm in 1901.
[10][11]
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en.wikipedia.org
It is NASA has done the greenhouse gas research, and it has been well verified.
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Atmospheric gases only absorb some wavelengths of energy but are transparent to others. The absorption patterns of water vapor (blue peaks) and carbon dioxide (pink peaks) overlap in some wavelengths. Carbon dioxide is not as strong a greenhouse gas as water vapor, but it absorbs energy in longer wavelengths (12–15 micrometers) that water vapor does not, partially closing the "window" through which heat radiated by the surface would normally escape to space. (Illustration NASA, Robert Rohde)
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