Moral hazard is all well and good, but the State of New York has the power to enforce its statutes.
Again, not a lawyer, but I think the only thing that Trump could realistically challenge is the amount of the fine - perhaps he could somehow argue that it's excessive. I don't know how the fine and other penalties were determined. If it's some sort of common law formula used to assess 'damages', I don't know...maybe there's a leg to stand on. But if those fines are and punishments are written into the statute in explicit terms, then frankly, he's fucked.