Rights are for citizens. Children have not matured to the point where they can be depended upon to exercise the right to vote OR carry a gun. The insane and the felonious have surrendered that right.
Children have limited rights.
The insane and felons still have the right, they haven't surrendered the right at all. They have had their right infringed upon through due process. It's as simple as that. That is the theory of rights.
Rights can be infringed upon.
Even the Chinese are considered to have these rights, but they're just being infringed. Non-citizens have rights the same as citizens, it's a matter of whether the right is infringed for non-citizens or not.
Except for those that specifically "shall not be infringed"
An interesting read:
Interesting but wrong, as the Constitution indeed applies to all persons, including those undocumented.
And there's a sound reason for this, consistent with our republican form of government, where we do not want bureaucrats, politicians, and simple majorities deciding who is or is not a citizen, or who will or will not be afforded his civil rights.
14th Amendment jurisprudence is also consistent with the doctrine of inalienable rights, where our rights manifest as a consequence of our humanity, rights that can be neither taken nor bestowed by any government, constitution, or man:
“The illegal aliens who are plaintiffs in these cases challenging the statute may claim the benefit of the Equal Protection Clause, which provides that no State shall "deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws." Whatever his status under the immigration laws, an alien is a "person" in any ordinary sense of that term. This Court's prior cases recognizing that illegal aliens are "persons" protected by the Due Process Clauses of the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments, which Clauses do not include the phrase "within its jurisdiction," cannot be distinguished on the asserted ground that persons who have entered the country illegally are not "within the jurisdiction" of a State even if they are present within its boundaries and subject to its laws. Nor do the logic and history of the Fourteenth Amendment support such a construction. Instead, use of the phrase "within its jurisdiction" confirms the understanding that the Fourteenth Amendment's protection extends to anyone, citizen or stranger, who is subject to the laws of a State, and reaches into every corner of a State's territory.”
FindLaw Cases and Codes
Consequently, those undocumented are persons, human beings, possessing their inalienable rights as persons, which manifest once subject to the jurisdiction of the United States, and entitled to the fundamental right of due process (see also
Boumediene v. Bush (2008), reaffirming the due process rights of Guantanamo detainees).
By affording those undocumented their due process rights in accordance with the 14th Amendment, therefore, we in turn safeguard our civil liberties as citizens.
With regard to the rights enshrined in the Second Amendment, as with all other rights they are inalienable but not absolute, and subject to reasonable restrictions by government (
DC v. Heller (2008)), consequently felons and those mentally ill may be prohibited from possessing firearms, as well as those who are undocumented. But before the state restricts these rights each person is nonetheless entitled to due process to challenge the state's efforts to limit a right, where the burden rests most heavily on the state to justify its desire to do so.