There's a whole lot packed into that question. The readers digest version.
After WWI, they had the Paris Peace Conference where they redrew the maps of the world. In the middle east, France and England divided the Middle East based on oil. That's why Iraq has Suni, Shiite and Kurd sections, the Brits combined their oil States. There was no historical reason for Iraq to exist, just oil.
Palestine went to the Brits, who realized what a stupid move that was and wanted to dump them ASAP. But they still controlled it as of WWII. After WWII, the UN took ownership and the US stupidly agreed to let Britian and France cut and run and we would take over the role of terrorist target.
When you say Turkey, that was the Ottoman empire, they controlled the middle east before WWI.
The Jews flooded in after WWII, particularly from Europe, since Germany tried to erase them and no one tried to stop them, including the United States who denied Jews fleeing Europe entry.
Tell me if I missed any main points
You did pretty good.
We couldn't very well invade Germany for several reasons. Numero Uno was; they were strong as Grandma's breath and would have kicked the living shit out of us had we tried.
The fact that they were allied with Soviet Russia for the first two years of the War made it even more impossible.
There's so, so much more to it than what even you have touched on. For instance, how Jews got into Northern Europe. How the Spanish got seriously carried away after they got rid of the Moors and Berbers. How not one Jew was born in Spain for nearly 500 years. Italian ghettos, Polish acceptance, Russian pogroms. The 'benign neglect' of the US. The guilt of the Brits. The fact that Jews brought with them Arabic numerals (which they stole from the Hindus) Mathematics.
In fact..... We've heard the term, "Jew him down". That came from the late middle ages when not even the landed peerage could do simple math and could barely read or write. They all had Jews that worked for them as part of their household staff whose job it was to be the Duke's or the Earl's bookkeeper.
Example: The Earl of shnizz wants to sell the Baron of Crapola two hundred sheep for 237 pounds sterling. So the Baron says, "Let me send my Jew to talk to your Jew". Because they were so ignorant they couldn't do the simple math.
These people weren't "Knights in Shining Armor", they were criminals, killers and thugs. Plus, they had no idea how to use 'Arabic' numerals. XCVII time IIIX? Good luck.
Then, in Germany, Jews could only have certain names and they could only do certain jobs. And they weren't allowed to own property. I'm talking in the 1600s!
One of the jobs they were allowed to take was that of money-lender. The Church saw a need for it but they considered money to be dirty and money-lending to be a sin. So they got Jews to do it.
Not a good way to make friends in those days.
Another job Jews could have was Tax Collector. That made them real popular as well.
The middle ages were cruel times. Cruel for all but the landed gentry. And being a non-Christian made it even worse.
With a Muslim, they'd kill him on sight so I guess it could have been worse. But they had a home, Jews didn't.
Now they do and they intend to defend it to the bitter end. Good on them