the scrolls are written by jews and mimic their false religion - what little in truth that was written, same as during inquisitions would be destroyed that veered from the prevailing orthodoxy - especially having just crucified their opponent. the same persona in writing their christian bible in the 4th century - the state religion of the roman empire.
your example does not mention jesus only a belief for something that never materialized at least in regards to a verified statement made by the exemplar in their own writing.
I'm not sure why you insist on always pointing the finger at Judaism. Hundreds (possibly thousands) of years prior to the ancient scrolls of Judaism - other sources of both written and spoken "spiritual/religious" doctrine existed - and from a macro perspective - have some of the same concepts as Judaism and the Abrahamic Religions.
Ancient
Egyptian culture flourished through adherence to tradition and their legal system followed this same paradigm. Basic laws and legal proscriptions were in place in
Egypt as early as the Predynastic Period (c. 6000- c. 3150 BCE) and would continue, and develop, until Egypt was annexed by
Rome in 30 BCE.
Egyptian law was based on the central cultural value of ma'at (harmony) which had been instituted at the beginning of time by the gods. In order to be at peace with oneself, one's community, and the gods, all one had to do was live a life of consideration, mindfulness, and balance in accordance with ma'at.
Humans are not always considerate or mindful, however, and history illustrates well how poorly they maintain balance; and so laws were created to encourage people on the desired path. Since the law was founded on so simple a divine principle, and since it seemed clear that adhering to that principle was beneficial to all, transgressors were often punished severely. Although there are certainly cases of leniency shown to criminal suspects, the operative legal opinion was that one was guilty until proven innocent since, otherwise, one would not have been accused in the first place.
Ancient Egyptian culture flourished through adherence to tradition and their legal system followed this same paradigm. Basic laws and legal proscriptions were in place in Egypt as early as the Predynastic...
www.worldhistory.org
Uru-ka-gina,
Uru-inim-gina, or
Iri-ka-gina (
Sumerian: 𒌷𒅗𒄀𒈾
URU-KA-gi.na; c.
24th century BC,
middle chronology) was King of the
city-states of
Lagash and
Girsu in
Mesopotamia, and the last ruler of the 1st Dynasty of Lagash.
[3] He assumed the title of
king, claiming to have been divinely appointed, upon the downfall of his corrupt predecessor,
Lugalanda.
He is best known for his reforms to combat corruption, which are sometimes cited as the first example of a
legal code in
recorded history. Although the actual text has not been discovered, much of its content may be surmised from other references to it that have been found. In it, he exempted widows and orphans from taxes; compelled the city to pay funeral expenses (including the ritual food and drink
libations for the journey of the dead into the lower world); and decreed that the rich must use silver when purchasing from the poor, and if the poor does not wish to sell, the powerful man (the rich man or the priest) cannot force him to do so.
[4]
The Code of Ur-Nammu is the oldest known law code surviving today. It is from Mesopotamia and is written on tablets, in the Sumerian language c. 2100–2050 BCE. It contains strong statements of royal power like "I eliminated enmity, violence, and cries for justice."[1]
The prologue, typical of
Mesopotamian law codes, invokes the deities for Ur-Nammu's kingship,
Nanna and
Utu, and decrees "equity in the land". It was followed by 32 "surviving laws" - such as:
- If a man commits a murder, that man must be killed.
- If a man commits a robbery, he will be killed.
- If a man commits a kidnapping, he is to be imprisoned and pay 15 shekels of silver.
- If a slave marries a slave, and that slave is set free, he does not leave the household.[a]
- If a slave marries a native [i.e. free] person, he/she is to hand the firstborn son over to his owner.
- If a man violates the right of another and deflowers the virgin wife of a young man, they shall kill that male.
- If the wife of a man followed after another man and he slept with her, they shall slay that woman, but that male shall be set free. [§4 in some translations]
- If a man proceeded by force, and deflowered the virgin female slave of another man, that man must pay five shekels of silver. (5)
- If a man divorces his first-time wife, he shall pay (her) one mina of silver. (6)
- If it is a (former) widow whom he divorces, he shall pay (her) half a mina of silver.
(Followed by 22 other laws)
The Code of Lipit-Ishtar is similar in structure to the
Code of Ur-Nammu, the oldest surviving law code.
[4] It has a prologue, which justifies its legal authority, a main body which contains the civil and penal laws governing life and a concluding epilogue.
[4]
Prologue
[
edit]
The prologue legitimatizes the legal content of the code. The gods
An and
Enlil are invoked and it is explained that they have invested Lipit-Ishtar as "the country’s prince" in order to "establish justice in the land, eradicate the cry for justice [...] [and] forcefully restrain crime and violence" so "that Sumer and Akkad [can] be happy".
[4] The prologue further informs the reader that Lipit-Ishtar has recently freed slaves from
Nippur,
Ur, and
Isin.
[4]
The academic Martha Roth summarizes the prologue as containing self-praise of Lipit-Ishtar, listing all
Lower Mesopotamian cities under his rule, and emphasizing his success as a restorer of justice.
[5]
Laws
[
edit]
The existing main body consists of almost fifty legal provisions.
[4] The first set of them deals with boats. They are followed by provisions on agriculture, fugitive slaves, false testimony, foster care, apprenticeship, marriage and sexual relationships as well as rented oxen.
[6] The provisions are all introduced by the Sumerian
tukun-be, meaning "if".
[6][7] The transmitted provisions do not contain crimes which are
punished by death.[7]
The code contains, for example, a provision according to which
false accusers have to bear the punishment for the crimes they have alleged.
[4][7] All extant provisions of the code are listed by Martha Roth
[8] and
Claus Wilcke [
de].
[9]
Judaism incorporates some of the same principles as the Egyptian principle of "Ma'at" - To live in harmony -
live a life of consideration, mindfulness, and balance.
Leviticus 19: 17 “You shall not hate your brother in your heart, but you shall reason frankly with your neighbor, lest you incur sin because of him. 18 You shall not take vengeance or bear a grudge against the sons of your own people, but you shall love your neighbor as yourself: I am the Lord."
But as it was in ancient Egypt and Ancient Sumer - "Humans are not always considerate or mindful, however, and history illustrates well how poorly they maintain balance; and so laws were created to encourage people on the desired path."
One must also understand that those times were excessively turbulent and violent - ongoing feuds, wars between tribes, peoples, and kingdoms defined much of the region- and from that naturally came, "An Eye for An Eye, A Tooth for a Tooth" - which equates to "balance" when nations decide to "Live By The Sword."
Over the course of centuries, many laws and practices were added to it and so forth. Jesus' ministry was intended to teach people to go back to the "basics" - "Love God with all your heart, with all your mind, with all your soul and strength - and Love Your Neighbor As Yourself" Jesus didn't make those teachings up - he took them from the books of the Old Testament - they were there the entire time but had been buried within hundreds of other laws and practices.
Why "Love God with all your heart, with all your mind, with all your soul and strength?"
Because God is:
Loving, Compassionate, Merciful - (Heart)
Intelligent, Wise, Just - (Mind)
Spiritual, Graceful, Universal - (Soul)
Powerful, Loyal, Eternal (Strength)
If you believe that - then "Loving your neighbor as yourself" should come naturally to most.
By
truly following these teachings, you
begin to turn a world full of laws, rituals, greed, discord and idols into what Jesus and the Prophets had described as a "New Heaven and a New Earth". You will begin to see and feel (Spiritual life/awakening) what others who do not follow these principles cannot see or feel (Those still asleep).
Luke 17:20
Once, on being asked by the Pharisees when the kingdom of God would come, Jesus replied, “The coming of the kingdom of God is not something that can be observed, 21 nor will people say, ‘Here it is,’ or ‘There it is,’ because the kingdom of God is in your midst.” (Within you, around you).