Generally speaking, Republicans supported protective tariffs to protect and expand American industry, while Democrats began supporting protective tariffs to protect American workers. Both reasons are valid.
One of the reasons that Trump's superb trade deal, the USMCA, passed Congress in 2020 with large bipartisan majorities was that people realized that NAFTA had gone too far and had done significant damage to American industry and American workers. The USMCA passed 89-10 in the Senate and 385-41 in the House.
Um, actually, like everything else Trump does, it was all smoke and mirrors. USMCA is pretty much the same as NAFTA, there were no real changes and cheap Mexican goods keep flowing across the border while Factories are still moving to Mexico. Hey, remember that supposed Air Conditioner factory in Indiana Trump and Pence claimed they saved? Well, nope. that factory went to Mexico anyway.
There is simply no way that an American factory in Ohio or Alabama or Arizona that pays good wages and benefits and that must comply with federal and state safety regulations can compete against a factory in a foreign country that pays far lower wages and benefits and that operates under much less stringent safety regulations (if any). Even with the cost of shipping, the disparity in labor costs and operating costs is so huge that the foreign factory's products will be less expensive than the American factory's products.
If you knew anything about purchasing and supply chain, you'd realize how stupid you sound.
As someone who has worked in the Supply chain for the last 30 years, including working with British and Japanese manufacturers, the reality is that there are huge advantages to having your factory in the point-of-use location. It's not just shipping costs. It's time. It's quality. It's service levels. It's dealing with customs.
An overseas supplier is good if you buy by the container load and have a long lead time, but the expedited costs and low quality will often bite into your profit margin.
Protecting major industries is another reason for protective tariffs. China, Russia, South Korea, and Japan, for example, use protective tariffs to protect their most vital industries. In some cases, they also subsidize those industries to ensure their success. So-called "free traders" usually ignore the fact that America became an industrial giant behind the secure walls erected by protective tariffs.
Actually, we became an industrial giant because everyone else blew themselves up in two world wars while we remained relatively untouched.
Here's the reality. Up until 1820, China was the world's biggest manufacturer. They were supplanted by the British during the industrial revolution (with a huge empire to exploit the shit out of), and were in turn supplanted by the US after WWI and WWII destroyed all the world's empires. (which is a good thing, because Empires suck!)
"Free trade" certainly wasn't "free" for the hundreds of thousands of American workers who unfairly lost their jobs when their companies moved overseas to take advantage of cheaper labor and cheaper operating costs. Most of those displaced factory workers ended up taking lower-paying jobs in the service sector.
So I say again, bravo to President Biden for extending and expanding Trump's tariffs on Chinese imports.
Um, you are being short sighted. Free Trade brings peace. As long as China and the US are making money off of each other, they have a very good incentive not to go to war over something stupid like some Islands in the South China Sea. We don't have to like China, but there is a benefit to doing business with them. We can get cheap consumer goods most of us could never afford.