Most of the books I read on my Kindle I use how many pages left. If it is set differently, I just go in and set it how I want it. Very few I have found force me to only have reading progress %.
I'm using a 4th gen Kindle now, and had a 3rd gen before. There may be a way for page numbers to be displayed, but the default setting is to show %. From the little I've looked at it, page numbers were added in later additions; the older ones may just not have it as an option.
Did you try going into Settings and Reading Progress??
That isn't an option in my settings.
Hmm......all of the Kindles I have owned had that option.....even my Fire, and my tablet.
Like I said, mine is an older version. The 4th gen came out in 2011. I can see what page I am on when I use the Go To function. I might be able to get page numbers with a software update, but I keep my wireless turned off. I had a Kobo ereader not long ago that crapped out by itself, after only using it for less than a month, and that possibly had to do with a software update. I don't need to do an update on the Kindle; it works fine, and I can transfer books through the PC. I'm sort of in an "if it isn't broken, don't fix it" mindset.
I may go ahead and try to get an update to see if it gives me page numbers at some point. I'm not sure if it would give me the Reading Progress option in my settings, though.