Okay. Let's go ahead.
Marx's whole game was analysis of class society. Some of what he wrote was adopted from other thinkers. Some was altogether new. And he compiled it all into a cohesive and logical analysis.
He used a few terms that can confuse us today because we are familiar with other terms for the same things.
Examples: Lower Communism = "socialist society".
Higher Communism = "communist society".
Marx's Definitions:
Proletariat = "The proletariat is that class in society which lives entirely from the sale of its
labour power and does not draw
profit from any kind of capital; whose weal and woe, whose life and death,whose sole existence depends on the demand for labour... (
Glossary of Terms: Pr)
"Dictatorship of the Proletariat" = All you could want to know
here. And: "Between capitalist and communist society there lies the period of the revolutionary transformation of the one into the other (Ed: that period is referred to as "socialism"). Corresponding to this is also a political transition period in which the state can be nothing but
the revolutionary dictatorship of the proletariat. (From
"Critique of the Gotha Programme", Part IV)
"The dictatorship of the proletariat, i.e., the organization of the vanguard of the oppressed as the ruling class for the purpose of suppressing the oppressors, cannot result merely in an expansion of democracy. Simultaneously with an immense expansion of democracy, which for the first time becomes democracy for the poor, democracy for the people, and not democracy for the money-bags, the dictatorship of the proletariat imposes a series of restrictions on the freedom of the oppressors, the exploiters, the capitalists. We must suppress them in order to free humanity from wage slavery, their resistance must be crushed by force; it is clear that there is no freedom and no democracy where there is suppression and where there is violence." (Found
here and taken from V.I. Lenin, "
The State and Revolution", Chapter. 5: "
The Economic Basis of the Withering Away of the State")
So the history is that communist revolutionaries overthrew the existing economic order (Marx envisioned that being capitalism) and established what we call "socialism" (Marx referred to "socialism" too) as a means of transitioning to a very distant society he called "communist society" attained as classes and the state machinery "withered away".
That's enough for now.