In my mind, Syria is a problem for one reason: it's such a disastrously poorly run country that terrorists, ISIS, have managed to get a decent foothold there. Assad is a prick, but he's not a problem, other than his ineptitude as a leader and governor, which is why ISIS has taken hold in his country.
From an American standpoint, getting rid of ISIS in Syria can be done in two ways:
The important thing to note about ISIS is that it's a heinous ideology, just as, for example, white supremacy is. Accordingly, it's unlikely in the foreseeable future (10 years at least) that it's possible to eradicate it. Moreover, some of ISIS' goals are simply incompatible with everyone else's.
- Get rid of Assad and replace him with a more capable leader who realizes ISIS is as bad for Syria as it is for everyone else who isn't "into" ISIS. Then clobber ISIS in Syria.
- Do what one can to reduce ISIS' strength, numbers and control in Syria.
So what's my solution proposal? Everyone, that is nations, who're non-ISIS, not "into" ISIS, must change such that the things that catalyze "people on the cusp" to lean ever closer to ISIS are not present in the "way the world works." Why do people join ISIS? According to Quantum Research, people who "fight" for ISIS fall into nine categories:
- Status seekers: Intent on improving “their social standing” these people are driven primarily by money “and a certain recognition by others around them.”
- Identity seekers: Prone to feeling isolated or alienated, these individuals “often feel like outsiders in their initial unfamiliar/unintelligible environment and seek to identify with another group.” Islam, for many of these provides “a pre-packaged transnational identity.”
- Revenge seekers: They consider themselves part of a group that is being repressed by the West or someone else.
- Redemption seekers: They joined ISIS because they believe it vindicates them, or ameliorates previous sinfulness.
- Responsibility seekers: Basically, people who have joined or support ISIS because it provides some material or financial support for their family.
- Thrill seekers: Joined ISIS for adventure.
- Ideology seekers: These want to impose their view of Islam on others.
- Justice seekers: They respond to what they perceive as injustice. “The justice seekers’ ‘raison d’être’ ceases to exist once the perceived injustice stops,” the report says.
- Death seekers: These people “have most probably suffered from a significant trauma/loss in their lives and consider death as the only way out with a reputation of martyr instead of someone who has committed suicide.”
I doubt that the ideology seekers will ever be appeased; however, it's quite possible to reduce the appeal of ISIS in the eyes of people seeking tangible outcomes related to things like money, equity, vengeance, identity, and other factors.
A first step in removing the stimuli we can is to invest in getting the "third world" nations brought up to the same standards of living that we see in the West. Quite simply, "fat and happy" people aren't radical and don't want change; they have too much to lose. Look at the majority of the people who run off to join ISIS. They haven't a damn thing to lose, having even less to lose than do the most downtrodden folks in the U.S., and they (in their minds) have everything to gain by joining ISIS. And frankly, from what I've seen, they really aren't any worse off by being in ISIS or dying for ISIS' cause. That's what has to change. The circumstance of life in the places in which those people live has to be converted into something productive so that would-be ISIS adherents are better off not destroying it and the rest of the world that makes it possible than they are by joining ISIS.
You are ignoring the overriding issue and that is mingling Shia and Sunni into a single country. What most people don't understand is those two religions would rather fight each other than Jews, their supposed common enemy. So long as they are forced together there will be war. It is a given.