My typing was interrupted by a RL errand, but maybe this'll keep you happy for a bit
I still have my old Physics textbook. "University Physics", 5th edition, by Sears, Zemansky and Young. The book is divided into two parts. The first is "Mechanics, Heat and Sound". The second is "Electricity and Magnetism, Light and Atomic Physics". Each part is divided into chapters. Beginning at Chapter 15 of Part I we find 15) Temperature and Expansion, 16) Heat and Heat Measurements, 17) Transfer of Heat, 18) Thermal Properties of Matter and 19) The Laws of Thermodynamics. Chapter 15, Section 1 states (and I'm copying all this out by hand so you'd better damned well read it):
To describe the equilibrium states of mechanical systems, as well as to study and predict the motions of rigid bodies and fluids, only three fundamental indefinables were needed: length, mass and time. All other physical quantities of importance in mechanics could be expressed in terms of these three indefinables. We come, now, however, to a series of phenomena, called
thermal effects or
heat phenomena, which involve aspects that are essentially nonmechanical and which require for their description a fourth fundamental indefinable, the
temperature.
The familiar sensations of hotness and coldness are described with adjectives such as cold, cool, tepid, warm, hot, etc. When we touch an object, we use our
temperature sense to ascribe
to the object a property called
temperature, which determines whether it will feel hot or cold to the touch. The hotter it feels, the higher the temperature. This procedure plays the same role in "qualitative science" that hefting a body does in determining its weight or that kicking an object does in estimating its mass. To determine the mass of an object
quantitatively, we must first arrive at the concept of mass by means of
quantitative operations such as measuring the acceleration imparted to the object by measured force, and then taking the ration of
F to
a. Similarly, the quantitative determination of temperature requires a set of operations that are independent of our sense perceptions of hotness or coldness, and which involve quantities that can be measured objectively. How this is done will be explained in the following paragraphs.
Even before treating the concept of
temperature in a precise, quantitative manner, we can note that there are numerous simple systems in which a quantity characterizing the state of the system varies with the hotness or coldness of the system. A simple example is a liquid such as mercury or alcohol in a bulb attached to a very thin tube, as in Fig. 15-1(a). The significant quantity characterizing the state of this system is the length
L of the liquid column, measured from some arbitrary fixed point. Another simple system is a quantity of gas in a constant volume container, shown in Fig 15-1(b). Here the varying quantity, which we may refer to in these examples as a
state coordinate, is the pressure, which varies as the gas becomes hotter or colder. A third example is the electrical resistance of a wire, which also varies with hotness and coldness.
Let
A stand for the liquid-in-capillary system with state coordinate
L, and let
B stand for the gas at constant volume, with state coordinate
p. If A and
B are brought into contact, their state coordinates, in general, are found to change. When
A and
B are separated, however, the change is slower, and when thick walls of various materials, such as wood, plaster, felt, asbestos, etc, are used to separate
A and
B, the values of the respective state coordinates
L and
p are almost independent of each other. Generalizing from these observations, we postulate the existence of an ideal partition, called an
adiabatic wall,
which, when used to separate two systems, allows their state coordinates to vary over a large range independently.
You still haven't answered either ... you don't know, is why ... why do you lie about a year in therm? ... that's an obvious lie ...
What definition do Climatologists use? ... and why do Climatologists know that is wrong? ...