Turbulent times ahead in Europe | Swiss Re - Leading Global Reinsurer
Turbulent times ahead in Europe - Climate change
will lead to more frequent winter storms Global warming and winter storms in Europe, repercussions for reinsurance and what Swiss Re is doing to address the problem (pricing storm risk and building resilience)
Climate change
will lead not only to more frequent but also to more violent winter storms in Europe, especially Northern Europe, over the long term. The result
will be higher economic losses. Along the North Sea coast, average annual losses from surge events
are expected to more than quadruple from 0.6 billion to 2.6 billion EUR
toward the end of this century. At least part of this loss burden
will be borne by the (re)insurance industry, according to a study conducted by Swiss Re in cooperation with the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich. The findings underscore the benefit of transparent in-house
models developed by reinsurers such as Swiss Re when it comes to pricing storm risk and managing expected losses
from future storm events.
(Re)insurers use
probabilistic models to quantify the impact of storms: these models allow us to determine premiums and loss
expectations for events where
historical data are scarce. The use of
our models combined with climate models helps us understand how the changing climate
will influence the financial impact of similar
events in the future, giving us the basis to adjust pricing if necessary.Swiss Re started modelling winter storm risk about 20 years ago and we have been improving our models ever since. Our winter
storm model can run thousands of
probabilistic storms, storm scenarios
that are artificial but based on historical data and climatology, across a clients insurance portfolio and quantify the amount and the frequency of the losses incurred.
The study of Swiss Re and ETH showed a clear trend: in addition to intensifying storms, the storm paths will shift further northwards, resulting in a higher storm frequency and higher losses in the regions affected. For the period 1975-2085, for instance,
we expect losses from winter storms
to increase in real terms by 16 to 68 percent,
depending on the region.