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The Census Bureau announced Thursday what the 109 residents of Plato had suspected for weeks: Shifting population patterns and geographical chance converged to make this town on the edge of Mark Twain National Forest the center of the U.S. population distribution based on 2010 census data. The announcement also signifies larger trends — America's population is marching westward from the Midwest, pulled by migration to the Sun Belt. And in a surprising show of growth, Hispanics now account for more than half of the U.S. population increase over the last decade.
Such designations aren't new to Missouri. The 2000 population center was Edgar Springs, about 30 miles to the northeast. Thirty more miles to the northeast is Steelville, the 1990 population center. That doesn't mean locals aren't downright thrilled with the recognition and a chance to be noticed. "It is putting a spotlight on a corner of the world that doesn't get much attention," said Brad Gentry, 48, publisher of the weekly Houston Herald newspaper 30 miles up the road. "Most residents are proud of our region and like the idea that others will learn our story through this recognition."
The Census Bureau's first set of national-level findings from 2010 on race and migration show a decade in which rapid minority growth, aging whites and the housing boom and bust were the predominant themes. The final count: 196.8 million whites, 37.7 million blacks, 50.5 million Hispanics and 14.5 million Asians. Hispanics and Asians were the two fastest growing demographic groups, increasing about 42 percent from 2000. Hispanics, now comprise 1 in 6 Americans; among U.S. children, Hispanics are roughly 1 in 4. More than 9 million Americans checked more than one race category on their 2010 census form, up 32 percent from 2000, a sign of burgeoning multiracial growth in an increasingly minority nation.
Based on the 2010 census results released by state so far, multiracial Americans were on track to increase by more than 25 percent, to roughly 8.7 million. "This really is a transformational decade for the nation," said William H. Frey, a demographer at the Brookings Institution who has analyzed most of the 2010 data. "The 2010 census shows vividly how these new minorities are both leading growth in the nation's most dynamic regions and stemming decline in others."
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New census data show minority communities booming in states such as Montana, Nebraska and Missouri, which saw their Hispanic populations leap by 58, 77 and 79 percent, respectively, in the last 10 years. It isn't lost on GOP strategists that the reelection campaigns for those states' Democratic senators — Jon Tester, Ben Nelson and Claire McCaskill — are expected to be close. Nor do they need reminding that a Republican majority in the Senate is at least three seats away.
"If this becomes an election all about the economy, there's a major opening for a Republican candidate to appeal to Latino voters," said Bob Moore, a Republican pollster. "But if it becomes about immigration, then it could be problematic for the Republican nominee." Each of Montana, Nebraska and Missouri's Hispanic populations remains in the single digits. But with increasingly competitive Senate races, even small blocs of voters can make a difference. Hispanics favored Democrats by a 3-to-2 margin last election, in a year when a record 19 million were eligible voters, according to the Pew Hispanic Center.
These voters are "a force to be reckoned with," said Al Cardenas, the new head of the American Conservative Union. But how the GOP reckons with them on immigration reform may decide whether a Republican Senate majority becomes a reality. The GOP's grasp of the growth and influence of U.S. Hispanic communities isn't as strong as some in the party would like it to be, Cardenas said. "It's a work in progress."
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A few concrete laws requiring companies and individuals have good documentation before hiring, and penalties for not doing so, will completely make it useless for an immigrant to come here to this country.
Without that, we'll never stop the problem.