With regard to your available poll responses, OP, I have to ask what on Earth is the point of option #2? What ever would make it acceptable for one to, during high school, know who won the Civil War, when and from whom the U.S. obtained its independence and who the current vice-president is, but no longer need to retain knowledge of those data points after high school?
For example, I'm sure a lot of folks (perhaps most folks?...is biology required in most high schools?) at one point in high school bothered to briefly memorize any number of things such as:
- The glycolysis equation
- The slope intercept and point-slope forms of the equation of lines
- How and when to use commas and semicolons and how to interpret their appearance in a sentence, to say nothing of things like the distinction between and uses of the indicative, imperative and subjunctive moods
- The meanings of the greater majority of words they learned for the SAT/ACT exams (assuming they bothered to study them).
- The meanings of simple words -- at least once a month I see someone write "passed" for "past," or, although less often, vice versa.
...and very shortly after the exam for which they needed to know it, forgot it each and every one of those things, and more. I would hope that same sort of knowledge loss is not what is implied as acceptable by poll option #2.
FWIW, in the interest of giving my fellow citizens, and those dolts in the OP video, some modicum of credit, as well as just trying to be fair, I suspect that the phenomena you mention in the OP result more often from folk memorizing rather than learning the material presented to them.
It's been my experience -- for myself as well as for the young people I raised and/or mentored -- that what one retains and what one forgets is a function of the study habits one applied to learning the material more so than anything else. The "stuff" I paid attention to and thought about as I was learning it, even as far back as high school (40+ years), I still recall quite easily. The stuff about which I thought/felt "yeah, so what...I'll never need to know this beyond the exam," I can barely, if at all, remember.