For the enlightenment of liberals who consistently don't get this
Capitalism is economic freedom. Consumers, producers, employers, employees, businesses, individuals, we make our own choices for our own interest. That drives market efficiency which benefits everyone. The primary role of government in capitalism is to provide civil courts to redress civil crimes (e.g., breach of contract) and criminal courts to redress crimes (e.g., fraud).
An informed buyer/employee is best served with complete and accurate information. I consider it a legitimate role for government to require accurate disclosures. So for example I oppose government forcing a business to hire or serve blacks. However, I am in favor of government forcing them to disclose that clearly and accurately to other potential employees or customers. I also consider it legitimate for government to enforce accurate advertising, whether products were tested or not and how thoroughly, that sort of thing. Government should not force them to do those things, but it can require them to disclose accurately what they did and didn't do to facilitate better buying decisions.
Socialism is central economic planning. Central economic planning means that consumers, producers, employers, employees, businesses, individuals must make decisions that are not in their own interest. Otherwise central planning would not be required, capitalism would yield the same result. And the only way to get people to act against their own interest is force, and only the government can use force.
Various forms of socialism are full socialism where all industry is owned by government, fascism where industry is technically in private ownership but all decisions are dictated or approved by government and crony capitalism where government helps the businesses in quid pro quo fashion where the businesses fund the politicians and the politicians write laws to assist those businesses. In all those cases, planning is central and enforced by government guns to force the people to act against their own interest. To the people, they are the same, you have the choices government gives you.
Most 'liberals' aren't going for socialism. But regulated capitalism. As capitalism has flaws of its own: a tendancy toward unfair trading practices, wild abuses of the environment, and instability.
Unfair business practices could manifest as businesses working together to fix prices, monopolies, insider trading, etc.. All explicitly serve the self interest of the individual or individuals committing such practices. But not the public doing business with them. And this is hardly something new, having been recognized for a very long time.
"People of the same trade seldom meet together, even for merriment and diversion, but the conversation ends in a conspiracy against the public, or in some contrivance to raise prices."
Adam Smith
Businesses hate competition. It cuts into their profits. So they do everything in their power to eliminate it. The very engine of capitalism, business, works to eliminate the primary advantage of capitalism: efficiency. When capitalism is regulated to prevent such unfair practices, you maximize this efficiency.
The second flaw of capitalism is its brutal outcome on the environment. Taking all the pandas, spotted owls and humpback whales off the table, capitalism is hell on the water we drink and the air we breathe. As people act of our self interest, not collective interest. If its beneficial to them to say, pollute a river downstream to save money, they will. As the water upstream where they live isn't contaminated. And they save money.
That it ***** the town downstream isn't their problem. That's self interest in action.
And we're seeing that influence effect China as it becomes more capitalistic:
Most of the workers start coming down with respitory illnesses after about 2 years.
That's in the city of Harbin, where the small particle pollution is 40 times what is considered unhealthy. Things in Beijing aren't much better:
And while this water may be beautiful......I wouldn't want to drink it
Regulated capitalism helps mitigate this damage and prevent self interest from poisoning the public.
The last great flaw of capitalism is its instability. Its prone to wild expansions followed by crippling contractions. inflation, followed by deflation. With each boom and bust cycle wasting enormous resources and causing havoc on the lives of those working for a living.
Regulated capitalism helps mitigate this instability, shortening the contractions and extending the expansions. Since the implementation of the Fed, we've seen half the years in depression or recession than we saw before it. Regulated capitalism also creates a social safety net that helps mitigate the harm to individuals and families as they weather the economic downturns.
With all of these reasons why most 'liberals' support regulated capitalism. When properly managed, its the most efficient system of economy we've yet produced. But like fire, it will burn the shit out of you if left uncontrolled.