And since we are talking about the "Sweetcakes By Mellisa" (SBM) case, which is still under investigation and as far as I know a ruling has not been issued.
We can anticipate though what the ruling will be based on the law in Oregon. The law that defines a "Place of Public Accommodation" is:
Oregon Revised Statutes
§ 659A.400
Place of public accommodation defined
(1) A place of public accommodation, subject to the exclusion in subsection (2) of this section,
means any place or service offering to the public accommodations, advantages, facilities or privileges whether in the nature of goods, services, lodgings, amusements or otherwise.
(2) However, a place of public accommodation does not include any institution, bona fide club or place of accommodation which is in its nature distinctly private. [Formerly 30.675]
§ 659A.403
Discrimination in place of public accommodation prohibited
(1) Except as provided in subsection (2) of this section, all persons within the jurisdiction of this state are entitled to the full and equal accommodations, advantages, facilities and privileges of any place of public accommodation, without any distinction, discrimination or restriction on account of race, color, religion, sex, sexual orientation, national origin, marital status or age if the individual is 18 years of age or older.
(2) Subsection (1) of this section does not prohibit:
(a) The enforcement of laws governing the consumption of alcoholic beverages by minors and the frequenting by minors of places of public accommodation where alcoholic beverages are served; or
(b) The offering of special rates or services to persons 50 years of age or older.
(3) It is an unlawful practice for any person to deny full and equal accommodations, advantages, facilities and privileges of any place of public accommodation in violation of this section. [Formerly 30.670; 2003 c.521 §1; 2005 c.131 §1; 2007 c.100 §5]
ORS 659A.400 - Place of public accommodation defined - 2011 Oregon Revised Statutes
ORS 659A.403 - Discrimination in place of public accommodation prohibited - 2011 Oregon Revised Statutes
From a "Place" Perspective:
SBM operated a storefront establishment, a "place" if you will. The first image below shows an interior shot of SBM front end and the second shows goods being created onsite behind the scenes. Therefore the goods were created onsite in the establishment in question. SBM operated a place of Public Accommodation offering as a functional part of their advertizing the creation of various custom cakes and wedding cakes were specifically cited in their advertizing and their site at the time provided information on wedding planners they had worked with in the past. Therefore under the "place" standard alone SBM is likely to be found in violation of the Public Accommodation law for refusal of service based on sexual orientation.
From a "Service" Perspective:
SBM operated a storefront establishment, if their business model included delivery and setup of wedding cakes at the customer location that would be a "Service" if you will. It would be very easy to determine if this service was offered in an administrative hearing. First, the Klein's could be brought to the stand to testify, and since this is a civil case and not a criminal case rules against self incrimination wouldn't apply (although perjury rules do since they would be under oath), about the operations of their business. Since we are talking about (at this stage) a court proceeding, their business records can be subpenaed and prior customers contacted to see if SBM provided onsite setup. If the Klein's testify that delivery and setup services are offered or if prior transaction history shows that these services are offered then that establishes what services are offered to different-sex couples. If the administrative hearing goes against them, they can still file an appeal with the Oregon Court system. Therefore under the "service" standard SBM is likely to be found in violation of the Public Accommodation law for refusal of service based on sexual orientation.
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At the end of the day we cannot definitively say which way the case will go as BOLI has not (to my knowledge) issued a decision on the complaint and if such a decision goes against SBM whether they will appeal to first a formal administrative hearing and ultimately to Oregon's appeals and supreme court systems.
What can be said is that under Oregon law SBM qualifies as a "Place of Public Accommodation" and the complaint is that the establishment violated Oregon Statutes regarding Public Accommodations. In addition there is no "personal religious belief" exception cited in the law to allow their actions.
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