The answer to that question is in the essay.
dear, the answer to all questions are in essays but we're here to debate. Do you understand?
Dear,
If I had different stratagems to offer or took exception with the ones in the essay, I'd offer them. I don't, and the approaches Dr. Bernanke describes are not mutually exclusive, and they are easily understood, and I'm not German, and the U.S. doesn't have a trade surplus, so what is there for me to debate?
As I understand Germany's situation, there were three primary factors causing their trade surplus:
- increases to the German saving rate,
- increases in to "rest of the world" (ROW) demand for German exports, and
- German labor market reforms (e.g., cuts in unemployment and pension benefits in the wake of the news about the demographics of the German population -- Basically, Germany decided that there were too many Germans retiring too soon, collecting too much money and doing so for too long and realized that people live a lot longer now than when the system was designed, so they said, "Oh, hell no. F*ck that. People need to work longer before they start collecting a pension.)
Of those three, the first, which is also the most important (impactful), is the one that makes the most sense to modify because it can be domestically controlled/motivated without needing the willing participation of external parties, and because:
- It doesn't impinge upon actual goods production (as would producing crap to lower ROW demand would) and enterprise profits and brand equity, and
- It doesn't piss off citizens who like the labor reforms.
Let's face it. The government saying to its people, "Hey, y'all. Things are good, but they'll become bad if you don't go out and spend some of those savings. Go buy stuff....whatever you want, just don't save so damn much," isn't a terribly difficult message to deliver. LOL