The immediate problem in your thread is you're double counting where the money goes. (The 'monetization of the debt').
If the FED were to buy bonds directly from the Treasury (subscribe), then yes. But that's not how they do it. They buy from the secondary market.
So when you think that the FED buys bonds from the Treasury you're "double counting".
The FED creates money the same way any bank does. A history of money would be useful here:
basically banks create money, not kings or countries. Banks.
In the US, it is still legal to print private money, which is one of the strongest arguments for "bitcoin". I won't go into the constitutional parts of this question, but when the constitution was far more new, banks still printed their own bank notes, and they were discounted based on the likelihood of ever being able to cash them in. Trading a South Carolina bank note at a discount in New York was common.
So the FED simply took over THAT role from the banks, requiring all banks to deposit reserves with the FED. Nowadays instead of the Banks issuing notes, they just loan dollars on a double-entry accounting ledger.
Basically what the ancient romans did. Not much has changed since then.
MIT has a good discussion, it's called "financial intermediation".
The reason why the "debt bomb" just won't blow-up in everyone's face like we all expect it to is two-fold.
- The Romans didn't have an inflation problem, they had a deflation problem. They couldn't "print enough money" to keep their economy running. Like Japan today. Modern Central Banks understand this - and so - have avoided it somewhat well.
- We have a deflation problem. The reason the bubble won't burst is because it's not bursting with debt, it's imploding by too little debt. The problem of "filling that bubble" is thus:
- Debt can't just be printed and snorted up with cocaine. It has to be productively invested to "inflate the bubble". And the problem the US has is free-market participants are less and less willing to productively invest their money.
Almost all of the US money is invested in the top 8 companies on S&P. That's pretty piss poor.
And because of the trade deficit, huge amounts of that money doesn't even make it to invest in the US productively. It goes to China etc.
This is why I think we are confronting a serious deflation challenge, not an inflation challenge. We aren't having a debt crisis, we are having a liquidity crisis.